BOQ Studio — Quantity Take-off and Construction Cost Estimating

1What the program does

BOQ Studio covers the whole job from reading the construction drawings to price documents you can actually submit, with every number flowing through a single chain — edit a quantity at the source and the downstream prices move immediately, with no re-keying

2Permissions and data storage

This page follows the same rules as CPM Planner · ERP Studio and Roads & Bridges: anyone can view it, but editing data is reserved for approved members

Where is the data stored?

• Site photos stay on the device that took them — photos are reduced in size and stored in that device's browser, not uploaded to the cloud · the project keeps the photo names, markups, measurement list and prices, so opening it from another device shows the numbers but not the photos; see Section 8
• PDF drawings stay on the device they were attached on — reopen the program on the same device and the drawing file comes back automatically, opening the file you were working on (page · zoom · original position) · they are not uploaded to the cloud, so on another device you must attach the original file again; see Section 8
• Automatic cloud save — for a project that has been saved to the cloud before, once you edit and stop typing for 20 seconds the system uploads it for you; see Section 16
• Always saved locally first — every time you click Save, the program writes to the browser first and then uploads to the cloud, so your work is not lost if the connection drops
• Uploaded to the cloud when signed in — continue from another device, and the system keeps the last 30 revisions of each project
• The status chip on the header bar always shows the current state — Saved locally · Not signed in · Syncing · Synced · Pending upload · Sync failed

Confirmation pop-ups before deleting or overwriting

Every button that causes data to be lost or replaced always shows an “Are you sure you want to…” pop-up first. The pop-up shows the item name, number and the quantity that will actually be lost — read it before you click. If you click by mistake, click Back on the header bar (see Undo and redo)

Buttons that ask first:

• Whole project — delete the project · reset to sample data · clear all quantities · start a new project · create from a template · import JSON · restore from backup · open another project while work is unsaved
• Prices — reset all default prices · import prices from CSV (shows how many codes will be overwritten) · clear manually entered prices on the composite materials / unit cost pages · restore a code's original price · clear the values in a calculation sheet
• Tables and work groups — delete rows in any table · delete a work group · delete manually added quantities in the work-group assignment panel · restore the standard work groups · delete installments · rows in the PR. forms
• Drawings — clear the markups on this page · cancel sending quantities to the BOQ
• Bar-cut plan — delete rows · clear the schedule · load the sample over the existing schedule · delete offcuts
• Sharing and ERP — disable the share link (links already sent stop working) · send to ERP with “Create work phases” (the existing phases in ERP are deleted and progress restarts at 0)

Undo and redo

The Back (undo) and ↷ (redo) buttons are on the header bar next to the Update prices button — if you deleted a row or entered a wrong value, click Back and the original data returns in every field without retyping, and quantities and prices are recalculated immediately

Example — deleting the wrong row and getting it back (sample project: 2-storey office building, median price 97,952,725 THB)

1. Delete the row

   Menu Building → tab RC structure → click × at the end of row F1 pile footing → the pop-up says If you clicked by mistake, press the Back button on the header bar (Ctrl+Z) → click Delete row

2. Watch the price change

   The Update prices button shows Price −155,949 (green background) and the median price drops to 97,796,776 THB · the Back button changes from gray to clickable

3. Click Back

   Row F1 returns to its original place with every field intact (quantity 15 · 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.5 m · excavation depth 1.5 m · concrete fc′ 240 ksc), the median price returns to 97,952,725 THB, and the message Undone · Reinforced concrete elements +1 row · 0 more steps available appears

4. Change your mind again

   Click ↷ or Ctrl + Y and the row is deleted again · click Back to get it back

• What can be undone — every edit in the open project: deleting, adding, copying or moving rows, editing table values, clearing quantities, resetting default prices, importing CSV / JSON / AI results, restoring from backup, editing prices, the bar-cut plan, work groups (WBS) and assigning items to groups, installments, PR. forms · up to 50 steps
• Continuous typing in one field (less than 1 second apart) counts as a single step — one undo brings back the value from before you typed · typing and then changing back to the original value (e.g., 15 → 1 → 15) does not count as a step, so there is never an undo step that changes nothing
• While you are typing in a field, Ctrl + Z undoes characters in that field as usual — the field value and prices change immediately, just as if you had typed them · click outside the field first if you want to undo a whole step, or click the Back button (e.g., change the quantity from 15 to 18, click outside the field, and a single Ctrl + Z brings 15 back)

3Tour of the menus and header bar

The left-hand menu is divided into 4 groups in the order of the actual workflow. The faded numbers at the end of the menus come in two kinds (see Menu counts). All four group headings can be collapsed so that the group you are using is not pushed off the screen — see Collapsing and expanding menu groups at the end of this section

Menu counts

The faded number at the end of each menu tells you the size of that page without opening it. There are two kinds

Collapsing and expanding menu groups

The left-hand menu has 22 pages in total, so if your screen is not tall enough you cannot see them all at once. Every group heading can therefore be collapsed, leaving only the group you are working in

The header bar at the top

• Project name field — type to edit it directly; the line under the name summarizes the province, work type, area and estimate date
• TH / EN — switches the language of the whole page
• Government / Private — switches the pricing method; see Section 13
• Back / ↷ — undoes or redoes edits; see Undo and redo
• Update prices — shows the price difference every time you edit, and triggers a full recalculation; see Prices update instantly
• Save — saves the project to the list, locally first and then to the cloud
• Cloud chip — click it to sign in, view the sync status, or sync right now
• Export CSV — the bill of quantities for use in other programs · Export JSON — the whole project as a single file, for backup or moving to another device · the import buttons have moved off the header bar — Import JSON is on the All projects page · Import project (JSON) and Import all BOQ groups (CSV) are on the Project settings page

Resizing windows and cards

Pop-up windows (all 9 windows of BOQ Studio · confirmation boxes · the quantity cards on the Drawings page) have a striped grip in the bottom-right corner — drag it to enlarge or shrink both the width and the height, so you can see long text or more items in drop-down lists · the system remembers the size of each window on the device, so it opens at the same size next time · double-click the grip = restore the default size

Prices update instantly, and the Update prices button

Wherever you edit a quantity, prices are recalculated instantly on every keystroke — you do not need to click anything; the take-off tables, BOQ, Factor F, PR.4 and the figure bar under the header bar all change together · the Update prices button shows you how much the price has changed

The difference is counted from the price before you started editing — typing one character at a time, or editing several fields in a row while the button is still showing a difference, counts as a single batch of edits, so the number on the button is the total for the whole batch. For example, changing the number of F1 footings from 15 to 17 (typing “1” and then “7”) shows Price +20,699 — not the difference from the moment the field held only “1” · stop editing for more than 4 seconds and the button returns to Update prices, and the next edit starts a new count

Clicking the button — triggers a full recalculation of everything (bar-cut plan → rebar table · materials selected per row → unit prices · Forms PR.2 / PR.3 → median price) and then shows the latest total, e.g., Quantities and prices recalculated · median price 97,952,725 THB — prices are now current · use it when you want to confirm the figures before printing or submitting the work

4Project settings

This page has two parts — General information, which appears on the PR. letterhead, and Pricing settings, the variables used in the formulas

Starting a new project

There are three ways to start a new project; choose according to what you want carried over · every way first backs up the open work on the device and asks for confirmation before replacing it

Comparing construction systems — 2-storey house, conventional ↔ precast

The sample pair (loaded with the sample set or created from the template) is the same house — a 10 × 12 m plan, 2 storeys, 276 m² · a 6 × 6 m carport · an 85 m perimeter fence + sliding gate · the rooms, finishes, doors and windows, electrical, sanitary, air conditioning, steel roof, footings, 36 I-18 piles and the ground floor slab are identical line for line

The dashboards of both samples have the Comparing construction systems card: the total price of each system, the difference (THB / %), the duration, and the work groups that differ (preliminaries · structural · architectural · external) — edit the figures in the open project and the card recalculates immediately · the button at the top right opens the other sample of the pair

General information

How to choose the accuracy class (AACE)

This figure tells readers how far this set of prices can be relied on. Choose it according to the completeness of the design available at the time of the take-off

Pricing settings

The variables in this group change the bottom-line total directly; edit them and you see the effect immediately in the figure bar at the top

• Advance payment rate and Retention withheld — used to select the row in the Factor F table per W 481
• Rainy zone — Normal zone, Rainy zone 1 or 2; affects the Factor F tables for roadway and irrigation works
• Construction duration — the number of months, used to calculate monthly lump-sum machinery rental
• Contractor's all-risk insurance rate (CAR) — as a % of the total work value; see Section 9
• Fittings, valves and pipe accessories rate — as a % of the sanitary pipe cost
• Building rebar method — Auto (kg/m³) or Manual (bar list / Bar-Cut List) · the same setting as the selector bar in the structural tab; see Section 5

5Building quantity take-off

The Building menu has sub-tabs by work category. The most used is the RC structure tab, the table of cast-in-place RC elements (footings, columns, beams, slabs, walls, stairs, piles). Next comes the Precast structure tab for prefabricated elements (precast footings, columns, beams, slabs, load-bearing walls and stairs).

• Standard cast-in-place RC drawings (click a row): ① plan ② section/elevation with reinforcement ③ second section ④ bar bending schedule (mark, size, shape, number, length, kg per the row's bars) ⑤ the row's quantity table — footings (spread · on piles · strip · combined) with sections A-A/B-B in the excavation pit · columns (rectangular/circular) with vertical bars distributed around the section + lap length + 135° tie detail · beams (continuous/simple span/cantilever) with top-bottom bars, top bars over supports L/4, end-zone stirrups L/4 + sections at support/midspan · slabs (one-way/two-way/flat) with top bars 0.3 of the short span · walls with 1–2 layers of bars + starter lap at the base · plain waist-slab stairs · circled numbers ①②③ match the rebar panel beside the drawing · colors: orange = bottom/main · blue = top · green = stirrups/distribution · gold = special
• Slab drawings by the selected system (click a Slab row) — the drawing follows the slab system in the material field first; only for cast-in-place slabs is the Form field used · in every plan the long side runs horizontally · the span of precast units = the short side

  Select	① Plan	② ③ Sections / details	④
  Form two-way · one-way	beams supporting 4 sides / long edges only · two-way bottom bars · top bars 0.3 span (one-way: long edges only) · load-direction arrows	A-A short direction · B-B long direction (one-way = temperature bars, no top bars)	Bar bending schedule
  Flat plate · drop panel (or material Flat Slab + Drop Panel)	columns on grid ≤ 8.5 m · column strip ℓ/4 · drop panel ℓ/3 · critical perimeter d/2	A-A through the column line · column/drop panel detail: punching shear · ≥ 2 bottom bars through the column core
  Post-tensioned (or material Post-tension)	banded tendons along column lines + distributed tendons @ 1.20 · anchorages at the edges	A-A curved tendon profile (high over columns, low at midspan) · anchorage detail + bursting reinforcement
  Cantilever slab · slab on grade	cantilever: main top bars anchored into the interior span + drip groove · on grade: saw cuts ≤ 30t and ≤ 4.5 m + isolation joints	cantilever: section perpendicular to the support line + cantilever tip · on grade: material layers (sand 50 · vapor barrier) + 3 joint types
  Material Hollow Core 15/20 · plank · solid slab · Double-Tee	units laid along the long side (width 1.20 / 0.35 / 1.20 / 2.40 m) on the long-edge beams + infill strip · hollow cores/stems dashed	A-A across the units (partly true scale: cores · grout keys · stems + strands · topping + mesh) · B-B along the span (bearing ledge · temporary shoring for plank/solid slabs)	Bearing / joint details (instead of a bar bending schedule)
  Material composite Metal Deck	steel secondary beams @ ≤ 3 m + shear studs · ribs perpendicular to the secondary beams	A-A across the ribs (rib 305, depth 51) · B-B along the ribs over a secondary beam
  Material Waffle · Ribbed · Bubble Deck	dome voids/joists @ 0.60/balls + solid heads around columns ℓ/6	A-A through ribs/balls · B-B along the span	Bar bending schedule

  Precast unit sizes are typical manufacturer values (check against the manufacturer's drawings before ordering) · BOQ quantities do not change because of the drawing · the drawing tabs above are renamed to suit, e.g. “Bearing”, “Anchorage”, “Joint detail”
• Footing drawings by the selected form (click a Footing row · Form field) — Spread footing two-way bottom mat + column dowels · On piles pile layout P1 P2 … as set in the rebar panel · the pile symbol in plan and the pile head in section change with the pile type under the footing (I-section · square · hollow hexagonal · hollow spun · micropile · steel H · steel pipe · dry/wet bored/CFA · barrette · timber) with the embedment and pile-head requirements of that type (driven piles cut off leaving 75 mm anchor bars · hollow/pipe piles plugged with concrete + dowel bars · steel H embedded 300 mm + pile cap plate · bored piles chipped down with vertical bars projecting ≥ ld · timber cut off below the water table) · changing the pile type resets the size to that type's default (e.g. hexagonal 300 · spun 400); you can type your own size afterwards · Strip footing under a wall the wall runs along the long side · main bars perpendicular to the wall (orange) + longitudinal bars (green) on top of the main bars · cross section/section along the wall · footings longer than 4 times their width are shown with a break line, but dimensions still show the true length · Combined footing 2 columns · top mat resists the negative moment between the columns · A-A through the 2 columns · Mat foundation column grid at ≤ 6 m · top and bottom mats + chairs supporting the top mat + U-shaped edge bars · BOQ quantities do not change because of the drawing
• Wall drawings by the selected form (click a wall row · Form / Type field) — Typical vertical and horizontal bars in 1–2 layers · lap at the base · Retaining wall backfill behind · weep holes Ø50 @ 1.50 · expansion joints every 10 m · the cantilever section shows toe, heel, shear key, drainage gravel, and main bars on the soil face bent into the base · Basement external waterproofing membrane + waterstop at the slab-wall joint · Tank/reservoir plan of walls on all four sides + internal fillets · maximum water level · waterstop · 50 mm cover · Parapet low wall on the slab edge · coping + drip groove · single layer of bars hooked into the slab · The Shear wall type has 6 forms: Special, with boundary elements (default · closely spaced closed hoops at both boundary ends) · Ordinary (U-bars at the wall ends) · With end columns (Barbell) · Flanged (L/T/I) · Coupled walls with coupling beams (coupling beam at every floor + detail of two diagonal bar groups + confining hoops ACI 18.10.7) · With openings (bars around the opening extending past the corners ≥ ld + diagonal corner bars) — the form changes only the drawing and requirements; quantities are computed the same · special/coupled walls default to 2 layers of bars · The Lift/stair core wall type has 5 forms (dimension 1 = total length of all sides · the core layout is computed from the total length, so thickness does not inflate the plan): Single lift shaft (default · four sides D × D · lift door + lintel beam) · C-shaped core (three sides · open side · free wall end detail with closely spaced vertical bars + U-bars closing the end) · Twin lift (2D × D + middle wall · 2 door openings) · Stair core (two-flight stair + landing inside the core · fire door · detail of the landing supported on the wall with a rebar coupler box) · Lift + stair (3D × D + dividing wall · lift/stair doors) — forms with core corners show a wall corner detail (horizontal bars bent around the corner + L-shaped corner bars · no lap splices at corners) · The Load-bearing wall type has 4 forms: Typical (default · slab bears on top of the wall) · With openings (door from floor/window · bars around the opening + diagonal corner bars · opening corner detail) · Tunnel form system (next room wall @ 3.6 m · slab cast with the walls · wall-slab joint detail with slab top bars bent into the wall + kicker) · On a strip footing (ground-floor wall on a strip footing · dowels from the footing · ground level) · BOQ quantities do not change because of the drawing
• Column drawings by the selected form (click a Column row · Form field) — Single ties rectangular section + cross-ties · elevation with lap length + end-zone ties lo at half spacing · 135° tie detail · Spiral circular section · elevation with the helix at its pitch + 1.5 extra turns at the ends · detail of clear spacing 25–75 mm and spiral lap ≥ 48db · Circular hoops circular section · hoops lapped with 135° hooks · Pedestal (stub column) backfill around · elevation from the top of footing to the grade beam + ground level · pedestal base detail (vertical bars with 12db 90° bends on the bottom mat · ≥ 2 sets of ties inside the footing) · Tie column in masonry walls · wall ties every ≈ 0.50 m · tie beam at the top · plan with wall ties embedded in the mortar joints ≥ 0.30 m · BOQ quantities do not change because of the drawing
• Beam drawings by the selected form (click a Beam row · Form field) — plan · elevation · sections A–A / B–B change with the form: Continuous adjacent spans dashed · top bars over supports L/4 extending into the adjacent spans · splice locations: top bars at midspan/bottom bars at supports · Simple span not continuous · bottom bars hooked into the supports · top hanger bars for the stirrups · Cantilever back span dashed · top tension bars anchored into the back span ≥ the cantilever length, ends bent down · closely spaced stirrups over L/2 at the root · section A–A at the root · Grade beam footings below ground (dashed) · ground level · sand + lean concrete under the beam · section in soil, cover 40–50 mm · Post-tensioned tendon line in plan + anchorages ▲ · parabolic tendon in elevation · closely spaced stirrups in the anchorage zone · sections show the duct position (ends = mid-depth · midspan = lowest) · Lintel supported on masonry walls, bearing 0.20 each side · opening below the beam · section in the wall · BOQ quantities do not change because of the drawing
• Stair drawings by the selected form (click a Stair row · Form field) — Waist slab spanning between landings: plan + longitudinal section (soffit parallel to the slope, bottom bars anchored into the landings, top bars L/4) + section A–A across the flight · Sawtooth: soffit folded with the steps at uniform thickness, bottom bars bent along treads and risers + step corner detail (at re-entrant corners use crossing bars anchored past the corner ≥ ld; do not bend continuously · distribution bars at every corner) · Steps cantilevered from a wall/beam: plan of individual steps cantilevered from the wall + solid step elevation (no waist slab · top bars per step + stirrups) + section through a step (top bars bent 90° and embedded in the wall ≥ lap length) · the drawing tabs are renamed per form (section A–A · step corner · section through step) · riser 175 mm, tread ≈ 280 mm according to the horizontal run · BOQ quantities do not change because of the drawing
• RC reinforcement detail drawings (select in the Connection / detail field of a cast-in-place row · 20 details from reinforcement detailing manuals vol. 1–6) — top half: ① main view ② section/enlarged view · ③ plan locating the element (uses the form matching the detail, e.g. cantilever beam · cantilever slab · flat slab · footing on piles, if the row has no form selected yet) ④ bar bending schedule per the row's bars ⑤ quantity table (choosing a detail does not change quantities) ⑥ requirements: cover · main-bar lap length by grade · 135°/90° hooks · no lap splices in zones of maximum force · referenced standards
• Standard pile drawings (click a pile row): ① section by type (I-section · square · hexagonal · spun · micro · H · pipe · dry/wet bored · CFA · barrette · soil-cement · jet grout · timber · sheet pile) ② pile elevation in the ground at true length, divided into equal segments by the manufactured segment length + number of splices · cut-off level · ③ pile head-to-footing detail · ④ welded splice + pile tip (driven/steel piles) or construction sequence (bored/soil-cement/timber/sheet piles) · ⑤ quantity table by code (per pile/per meter) + total length + concrete in bored piles (for reference) · The Form field of a pile row selects one of 5 uses (the pile type still comes from material/grade · ① section unchanged · ②③④ change with the form): Compression under a footing (default · the drawing above) · Tension (uplift) (uplift T + skin friction · pile head anchor bars to the top of the footing + 90° hooks · uplift load test ASTM D3689) · Battered piles (vertical + 1 : 4 battered pile group resisting lateral load · heads cut parallel to the footing soffit · plan showing batter direction) · Slab-supporting piles (slab on a pile group · enlarged heads + extra bars above the pile heads · pile layout under the slab) · Retaining pile wall (section with existing ground/excavation level + earth pressure + struts · plan of contiguous/secant/sheet piles · capping beam) — pile quantities and prices are the same for every form
• Both tabs use the same structural element table — rows are shown by their type · the Type field offers only the types of that tab, so they never mix · + Add row in the precast tab gives a default precast beam row · moving a row up/down swaps it with the rows visible in the same tab · BOQ sub-items, floors and exports are computed the same for every row
• The precast tab has no Form field and no rebar method bar (precast elements are priced as a lump sum per unit including manufacture, transport and installation) · structural parameters and the take-off-by-code tables are in the RC tab · each tab's printout prints only that tab's rows
• Standard precast drawings (click a row): ① plan ② elevation/longitudinal section ③ section A–A (top and bottom joints enlarged, middle broken out) ④ enlarged connection detail ⑤ the row's quantity table (same totals as the BOQ) — columns: grout sleeves along the edges @ ≈ 150 mm + corbels on 2 sides for beams · beams: seated on corbels, bearing pads, dowels, lifting points at L/5 · walls: grout sleeves at the base, lifting points at 1/4, vertical joints with wire loops · slabs: divided into equal-width units by unit type (hollow core/plank/solid/Double-Tee) bearing ≥ 75 mm on beams + topping · stairs: seated on the landing ledges, dowelled at the bottom, slotted at the top · footings: pocket footing receiving the column, in the excavation pit · orange = grout/joints (STR-245) · choose the row's Connection / detail → that connection's drawing is shown instead
• Precast connection drawings, 10 types (Tekla Structures style) — ① plan/horizontal section ② connection elevation ③ section A–A showing internal hardware ④ enlarged detail ⑤ quantity table (connections → STR-245 + estimated grout) ⑥ installation sequence: Precast Foundation (grout sleeve) · Pocket Foundation (pocket footing + wedges) · Column Splice with grout splice sleeve / Bolt-Coupler (steel shoes at 4 corners) · Corbel (corbel + bearing pad + dowel) · Column - beam (beam on column head + dowel pin) · Concrete beam-beam (dapped end on the ledge of an inverted-T beam) · Wall Groove (wire rope loops) · Wall-to-Wall corner / in-line (embed plates + welding) · sleeves/embed plates/wire loops are arranged symmetrically about the axis · estimated grout shown for reference (its price is included in STR-245 per connection)

Filling in the structural element table

1. Enter the element name

   e.g. F1 pile footing or B1 2nd-floor beam — use the names written on the drawings so you can trace back later

2. Select floor / zone (available once floors have been defined)

   The Floor / zone and To floor (typical) columns are next to the element name — select the floor the element is on · for several identical floors enter the quantity of one floor and then choose the "to floor"; the system multiplies it for you · a new row gets the same floor as the last row; see By floor

3. Select the type

   Footing · Pile · Column · Beam · Slab · RC wall · Stair — this choice sets the formulas for volume, formwork and reinforcement rate, so it can only be selected from the list, not typed

4. Select material / grade

   See section 6 — the options change with the selected type

5. Enter the quantity and dimensions

   The number of pieces, followed by dimensions 1–3 in meters · the Dig depth field is only for footings and box culverts

6. Read the values the system calculates

   The grey columns on the right are results — concrete (m³) · formwork (m²) · rebar (kg) · excavation (m³). They cannot be edited there; to change them, edit the dimensions · if you choose manual rebar, the rebar column shows — and its header reads Rebar (manual); see Automatic or manual reinforcement

Copying and moving rows

At the end of every row of the take-off tables (structure · rebar schedule · structural steel · architecture · MEP · roads · bridges · irrigation etc.) there are four buttons

• ⧉ Copy — inserts a new row below the original with identical values in every field, including material/grade and the pile price code; then edit only the fields that differ, e.g. beams B1 and B2 that differ only in length · BOQ quantities increase for the new row immediately · copying a row that came from AI / a PDF drawing / a cutting plan gives a manually entered row (the source row stays linked to its origin, so re-importing AI or editing the measurement list does not remove the copy)
• ˄ Move up · ˅ Move down — swaps with the row above/below; quantities and prices do not change, only the order (BOQ sub-items follow this order) · the first row cannot move up and the last row cannot move down (the button is faded) · rows from a PDF drawing or a cutting plan cannot be moved, because the system regenerates them at the end of the table whenever their source changes
• ✕ Delete — asks for confirmation first, as before
• Every button can be undone with Back (Ctrl + Z) · disabled in preview/read-only mode

Sorting rows to find them easily

The header of every take-off table has a Sort by drop-down — Entry order · Auto (floor › type › name) · Floor/zone · Type/used as · Name A–Z (numbers sort by value, C2 before C10, ignoring the [drawing] tag) · By source drawing (file › page › measurement order)

• Sorting affects only the on-screen display — the actual order does not change (the order of BOQ sub-items and of exported files stays the same) · the system remembers the sort separately for each table
• A divider line appears where a new floor starts · newly added or copied rows are highlighted and scrolled into view
• While sorted, the ˄ ˅ move row buttons are disabled — switch back to Entry order first if you want to move rows

Scrolling long and wide tables

• Scrollbars are always on screen — take-off tables are no taller than the screen; scroll up–down within the table, and the left–right scrollbar sits under the visible part of the table, so you do not have to scroll the page to the bottom of the table first · column headers stay pinned at the top
• The # column and the first column (element / location · description) are pinned on the left — when you scroll over to enter dimensions or view results at the end of the table, you still know which row you are on
• The row-end buttons (elevation · copy · move · delete) are pinned on the right and can be clicked at any time · the elevation/section panel under a row is as wide as the visible part of the table
• 4 arrow buttons on the table header — to the top · bottom · far left · far right in one click · or hold Shift and turn the mouse wheel to scroll left–right
• Floating scrollbar at the bottom of the screen — any wide table whose bottom edge is still below the screen (building, road, irrigation and price tables alike) gets a left–right scrollbar floating at the bottom of the screen, as wide as the table, with ⤒ ⤓ ⇤ ⇥ buttons to go to the top/bottom/first column/last column · once the table's real scrollbar is visible, the floating bar disappears by itself

Widening columns · seeing full column header names

Long column header names are truncated with … — hover over a column header to see its full name · drag the right edge of a column header to widen/narrow it, Excel-style (the header and every row follow, including the grey result columns) · double-click the edge = fit the longest text · the system remembers the widths for each table on this device · a Reset column widths button appears on the table header once you have dragged one · tables in the price section work the same way; see section 10

Structural systems — column-beam · structural walls · precast

The Type field of the RC structural element table is organized into 3 systems (the system is shown under each name in the drop-down) — they can be mixed in one project Under the dimension 1 · 2 · 3 fields of every row there is a label saying what that field means for that type

Element forms (simple-span beam · continuous beam · one-way/two-way slab · flat slab · post-tension …)

The Form column (after Type) selects the system of a cast-in-place element · the options change with the row's type · “—” = the type's default (as in earlier versions) The selected form sets the field names and bar lengths in the bars-per-drawing panel · cover · check criteria · and the elevation and section drawings · concrete/formwork are unchanged, except for circular columns (dimension 1 = diameter, computed as π/4·D²) · rows whose rebar has not been edited are still computed in kg/m³ by type as before

Each footing form: plan · section A-A · section B-B · elevation — and piles under the footing

Footing rows draw 4 matching views: the plan has section lines A-A (along dimension 1) and B-B (along dimension 2) · the two sections show the row's bars per drawing · the elevation shows existing ground level ±0.00 · top of footing · bottom of footing · bottom of pit (from the dig depth, less sand bedding/lean concrete) · column/wall positions change with the form: spread/pile footing = column at the center · combined footing = 2 columns along the long side · mat = 3 × 3 columns · strip footing = wall along the long side (the cross section shows the main bars bent up, the longitudinal section shows the longitudinal bars)

Pedestal on the footing (stub column from the footing) — spread footings · pile caps · combined footings have fields in the bars-per-drawing panel to enter the real drawing: pedestal width × length (blank = balanced with the footing: short side × 0.30 rounded up to 0.05 m, 0.20–1.00 m · one side only = square) · pedestal height from the top of the footing to the top of the pedestal under the ground beam (blank = up to ground = excavation depth − footing thickness) · column size above the pedestal (dashed in plan) · offset along dim 1 / dim 2 for edge/corner footings (combined footings get 2 pedestals at ±dim 1/4 · strip/mat footings have none) · every field checks the balance with the footing ✓/⚠: footing projects ≥ 0.15 m beyond the pedestal on every side · short side ≥ 0.20 m · height ≤ 3 × short side (taller is a column — ACI 2.3) · column above ≤ pedestal · pile caps: pedestal center within 50 mm of the pile group center · spread footings: offset ≤ dim/6 · the plan draws the pedestal to its real size with size/height · sections A-A / B-B draw it from the top of the footing to its top with a height dimension and level (it may rise above ground) · column dowels run up to the top of the pedestal · Send to pedestal row = create a linked column row with the “Pedestal” form (count = pedestals/footing × footings · size · height · same concrete) so concrete, formwork and rebar are priced automatically — edit it at the footing · stop sending and the row stays (unlinked) · “Reset pedestal to footing balance” clears what you typed · watch for double counting with column rows that already include the pedestal

Footing on piles — the bars-per-drawing panel has a Pile type under the footing field (12 types: driven I-section · solid square · hollow hexagonal · spun · micropile · steel H · steel pipe · dry/wet bored pile · CFA · barrette · timber pile) · Piles/footing can be typed from 1 to 60 (blank = as many as fit in the footing) · Pile layout: Auto per standard (2 = pair · 3 = triangle · 4 = four corners · 5 = four corners + center · 6 = 2 × 3 · 7 = hexagon · 8 = 2 × 4 · 9 = 3 × 3 · more are arranged in a grid · narrow footings in a single row) · Single row · Grid · Staggered · Custom coordinates (opens the pile coordinate editor — choosing it the first time copies the current layout for you to edit · the count comes from the coordinates) · Spacing along dimension 1 / dimension 2 can be set separately (blank = max(3D, 0.75 m)) · Edge distance from pile center to footing edge (blank = max(D, D/2 + 0.15)) · “Reset layout/spacing to default” clears the entered values · under the layout field the footing size this layout requires is shown (✓/⚠) · the plan dimensions the actual edge distances and pile spacing · Size · length · Pile dowels into the cap — the Pile dowel bar size field (standard: bored/barrette piles ≤ 0.60 m DB16 · ≤ 1.00 m DB20 · larger DB25 · driven piles use the bars left after cutting the head) and Dowel length into the cap measured from the pile head (blank = standard: bored piles ld = 36db for SD40 per DPT 1103-64, e.g. DB16 = 0.58 m · driven I/square/micropile 0.40 m · hexagonal/spun/pipe 0.60 m · steel H/timber piles have no dowels) — type your own length; shorter than standard shows ⚠ · dowels never stick out of the cap: they run straight up to just under the top mesh (cap thickness − pile embedment − cover − 20 mm) and anything longer gets a 90° hook under the top mesh with a leg ≥ 12db · the section labels the dowel size/length and the hooked part · dowel weight goes into the BOQ through the “Pile dowel” bar slot in the bars-per-drawing panel (pile caps only · also listed in the bar bending schedule): bars per pile × piles per cap × length (inserted into the pile + pile embedment + straight run + hook leg) — defaults: hexagonal/spun/pipe piles 4 inserted bars 1.00 m into the pile · bored piles 0 (the bored pile price already includes the projecting bars — enter a count when the cap contractor supplies the dowels) · solid driven piles 0 (bars left after cutting the head) · pick the size in the pile-cap panel or in the bar slot, the two stay in step · the first time you choose this form, the system takes the type/size/length and “… piles/footing” from the first pile row in the table · the plan shows the pile section by type · the section shows the pile heads embedded in the footing · the elevation shows the piles at full length, splices, pile tip level and the pile section · checks spacing ≥ 2.5D and pile center to footing edge ≥ D/2 + 150 mm · Send to pile row (in the same panel) = automatically creates a pile row linked to this footing: number = piles/footing × number of footings · type + size → the nearest item in the pile list (⚠ shown when the size does not match) · length = pile length (per-pile items with a fixed length are used when the lengths match) · floor follows the footing — whenever the footing is edited the pile row follows (edit it at the footing) · choosing “Not sent” or deleting the footing = unlink; the pile row remains for you to decide · if there are also manually entered pile rows, you are warned to watch for double counting · under the drawing piles/footing × number of footings is shown and compared with the pile row total in the table (✓ match / ⚠ mismatch) — pile prices are still computed in the pile row, not counted twice

Pile coordinate editor (“Custom coordinates” layout) — sits under the fields in the bars-per-drawing panel · Coordinate origin to match the drawing: footing center (x right · y down as in the plan) · bottom-left corner (x right · y up — most drawings) · top-left corner (y down) · Input unit meters or millimeters (as on structural drawings) — switch any time, the piles do not move · 3 ways to enter: Pile table with x / y cells for P1 P2 … (numbers match the labels on the plan), edit one cell at a time, delete a pile with ✕ · Grid lines type x and y line positions separated by , or “4@1.5” (4 lines 1.5 apart centered on the footing), mixed if you like → every intersection (replace all, or add to the existing ones) · Paste / type all one pile per line or separated by ; · x and y separated by a comma, space or tab — copy 2 columns from Excel or a CAD coordinate table · a P1 name in front is fine · tools: + Add pile (one spacing further, new row at the edge) · Mirror left-right / top-bottom / 4 ways (enter half or a quarter of the layout) · Sort · Center on footing (or on an offset pedestal) · Start from standard layout · per-pile check: past the footing edge · too close to the edge < D/2 + 0.15 m · closer than 2.5D to a neighbor · duplicate — orange row with the reason and a red ring on that pile in the plan · summary of minimum spacing, pile group center and the footing size the layout needs

Reinforcement details per manuals vol. 1–6 (DPT · EIT · ACI 318-19 · AASHTO)

The Connection / detail column of the structural element table (after Material / grade) applies both to precast rows (connections — see the next topic) and to cast-in-place rows (reinforcement details) · the options change with the row's type · once selected, the drawing under the row becomes a standard two-view drawing following the illustrations in the manuals, with labels describing each bar set and the sizes from the row's bars-per-drawing panel · “—” = the original element drawing · quantities and totals do not change

Standard connection / detail drawings (all 20 reinforcement details + 10 precast connections) — the same frame as the structural steel and architectural drawings (title block · units · footer line) · left = main elevation/section · right = cross section (A–A · B–B …), plan or enlarged detail · arranged symmetrically about the axis (centerline) · section lines have viewing-direction arrows and letters matching the section names · ISO 129 dimension lines with the row's actual values (b × h · cantilever length · thickness) · ISO 128-50 concrete hatching · bar colors: blue main/top bars · orange bottom/diagonal bars · green stirrups/distribution · yellow special bars (haunch, hooks, waterstop, confining hoops) · precast: light orange = non-shrink grout · black = bearing pads/shims · section titles state the standard (DPT 1103-64 · ACI 318-19 · AASHTO LRFD · PCI · ACI 350 · EN)

Roads and canals (automatic, no selection needed): PCC road rows have a Concrete pavement joints strip after the cross section — smooth round dowels at transverse joints sized by slab thickness (Ø ≥ T/8 · RB25/RB34, 0.50 m long @ 0.30 m), coated on one side to allow sliding, and deformed tie bars DB16 @ 0.60 m at longitudinal joints (vol. 2 item 2) · Concrete-lined canal rows have a Lining bars and U-flume strip — single mesh at mid-thickness, cut at contraction joints every 3.0–4.5 m, weep holes, and U-flumes with the outer bars continuous around the corners (vol. 3 item 5) · these are illustrations only; quantities and totals do not change

Precast element connections (Precast Connections, Tekla Structures style)

The structural element table has a Precast connection column after Material / grade — used with precast footing · precast column · precast beam · precast wall rows (rows of other types show a dash) · the options change with the row's type · once selected, the elevation and section under the row change to the connection drawing while “—” is the original element drawing (cross section + installation elevation) · quantities and totals do not change — connections are still counted in STR-245 as before (column/footing 1 connection · beam/wall 2 connections per piece)

Under the drawing the estimated grout per connection and for the whole row is shown (computed from the row's section, e.g. bedding grout under the column + ducts/sleeves, or the gap around the column in the pocket) — for reference only, not entered in the BOQ because the grout price is included in the per-connection price STR-245 · if the manufacturer does not include steel plates, bolts, bearing pads or ducts/sleeves in the per-connection price, take them off separately in the Connections & fixings tab · Construction drawing page: the precast column/footing count cards and the precast beam/wall length cards have a precast connection field, guessed from the item name (e.g. “splice” · “pocket” · “corbel” · “corner”)

Piles — dimensions filled in by the selected type

Select the Pile type or choose the type in the Material / grade field, and the program fills in the dimensions for you: section size from the item name · per-pile price items with a length in the name (e.g. I-18 length 18 m) put that length in dimension 3 · per-meter price items keep the length you entered · dig depth is 0 (piles do not count excavation)

Under the dimension fields of a pile row there is a small label saying what the field means for this pile type — hover over the field to see the full description

• Red — value does not match the type, e.g. section size does not match the item · old-version rows with the length entered in dimension 1 · per-meter price item with no length entered yet (the quantity will be 0)
• Yellow — worth checking, e.g. I-18 length 18 m (per-pile price) selected but length 21 m entered — if the pile length differs from the item, choose the per-meter price item of the same size
• Labels with an arrow, e.g. ⚠ side → 0.22, can be clicked to apply the item's value immediately (undo with Ctrl + Z)
• Items whose name does not state a size (generic H-Pile · steel pipe · CFA · DCM · jet grout) need dimension 1 entered manually from the drawings

Automatic or manual reinforcement

Under the table header in the Structure tab and the Rebar schedule tab there is a Rebar method bar with two buttons to choose where the rebar weight in the BOQ comes from — use it when the average rate does not match the drawings and you want to compute all the rebar yourself

Next to the buttons a message tells you how many kg of rebar the BOQ is using right now and where it comes from, with buttons to go to the other tab's table and to the rebar cutting plan page · the chip at the top of the building page shows Rebar (auto) or Rebar (manual) with the weight · both methods still add the 7% rebar waste allowance as before, and the tie wire cost adjusts to the weight actually used

Other tabs in building works

Structural steel — section · member elevation · plan for each row

Press a row's drawing icon in the Structural steel tab and the program draws that member from its section in the TIS / JIS table (the same set as the Steel tables page) following ISO 128 / ISO 129

• Section A–A — true-proportion shape, root fillets at the flanges, steel hatching, centerlines x–x / y–y and dimensions H B t1 t2 r (or D t · A t · Cy depending on type)
• Member elevation · plan — the whole member with closed ends, length shortened by a break line in the middle, and a dimension line for the entered length/piece · section plane A–A · under the drawing: used as, number of pieces and total length
• The title is the member name in the row · the sheet footer states the section standard, anti-rust painting and bolts · under the drawing there are lines computing weight and painted surface with the same values as the table
• The same drawing appears in Preview & print A4/A3 · sections typed in manually and not in the steel tables use a simplified drawing instead

House roof framing — choose the shape and roofing, enter the house size and steel sizes, get quantities instantly

The table has its own House roof framing tab, right after the Precast structure tab (it used to sit inside the Structural steel tab) — one row = 1 roof (can be multiplied by the number of houses) · enter the house width (perpendicular to the ridge) × length (along the ridge) · slope (degrees) · eave overhang, then choose the sections for rafters, ridge, hips, purlins/battens and king posts; the program computes the length and weight of every member by roof shape · references TIS 1228 (cold-formed steel sections) · TIS 107 (steel tubes) · DPT 1311 (wind load) · AISI S100 / EN 1993-1-3 · roofing manufacturers' manuals (batten spacing/slope)

• Rafter spacing / purlin/batten spacing enter 0 = per roofing (the value used is shown under the field) · slopes or spacings beyond the manufacturer's limits show in red under the field · changing the roofing changes the purlins/battens to a suitable type (Top Hat battens for tiles · C75 for metal sheet/corrugated sheets)
• Sections: cold-formed C-sections TIS 1228 (single/double) · steel tubes TIS 107 · hot-rolled steel from the steel tables · prefabricated battens/galvanized tubes (not painted)
• Hip/Manila/pyramid/L-wing: rafters ≈ roof area ÷ rafter spacing · purlins ≈ area ÷ purlin spacing · hip = √(2(width incl. eaves/2)² + height²) · king posts under the ridge every ≤ 3 m + 2 braces per king post (the RC tie beams/beams supporting the king posts are in the structural works)
• BOQ codes: steel tubes/cold-formed/battens → STR-024 · hot-rolled steel → STR-023 · painting → STR-026 · beam embed plates 0.15 × 0.15 × 6 mm (rafter ends + king post bases) → FAS-017
• Rows in this table = roof framing steel taken from the table instead of the lump-sum “roof area × kg/m²” in the architectural parameters (to avoid double counting) · tick Roofing · fascia (off by default) = use the roofing area, fascia + barge boards (ARC-029) and metal sheet caps from the table instead of the parameters · if you also enter the metal sheet roof in the metal sheet table, untick the framing of that row
• Row drawings: roof plan (eave line · wall line · ridge · hips · rafter lines · king posts · L-wing) · section (rafters · king posts + braces · purlins/battens · slope · height) · member table with BOQ codes · connection details in 3 panels (apex/ridge · rafter seat · purlin/batten fixing) · the structural steel card at the top already includes the roof framing steel
• Send to roof · roofing (architecture) — a field at the end of the row; once the roof framing is done, send the same roof to the Roof · roofing table to compute roofing right away: Auto — linked to this row = creates a target row whose shape, roofing, number, size, slope, eaves and wing always follow this row (edit here and the target follows · linked fields are shown in green “per house roof framing”); insulation, gutters, flashing, caps and eave soffits are edited at the target · Custom — copy once = copies once, after which you edit the target freely · Not sent = deletes the linked row (rows copied as custom are not deleted) · once sent, roofing/fascia/caps are no longer computed in this table (to avoid double counting) and the target row is set to “no battens/purlins” because battens/purlins are already computed in this table · deleting the source row = the target row becomes custom (your edits are not deleted)

House roof framing connections — welds · bolts · gusset plates · angle cleats · self-drilling screws

References AWS D1.3 (sheet steel welding) / D1.1 · EIT 011038 / DPT 1121 · AISI S100 · AS/NZS 4600 (cold-formed steel screws) · EN 1993-1-3 / 1-8 · computed when Beam embed plates · connections is switched on in the auto-calculation field · changing the type sets the defaults of the bolt / weld / screw, gusset plate and pieces/connection fields for you

• Frame connections/roof = the top end of every rafter (apex/ridge · barn roofs add the break) + hip ends 2/hip + king post top and bottom + braces at both ends · rafter seats are welded to the beam embed plates in every type
• Purlin/batten fixing at every intersection with a rafter (≈ total purlin length ÷ rafter spacing): 2 self-drilling screws/point → FAS-309 (default · used for tiles) · spot welds 2 × 30 mm · 5 mm purlin cleat + 2 A307 ½" bolts → FAS-017 / FAS-055 (C-purlins for metal sheet)
• Gusset plates painted on both faces go into STR-026 · the figures for every connection are in the notes beside the drawing and in the BOQ sub-items

Steel trusses (Truss) — choose the type, enter span, height and steel sizes, get quantities instantly

The Steel truss (Truss) table has its own Steel trusses tab, right after the Connections & fixings tab (it used to sit under the structural steel table) — no need to take off piece by piece: choose the type, enter the span, height and number of trusses, then choose steel sizes for 4 groups (top chord · bottom chord · diagonals/braces · verticals); the program builds the truss geometry and computes the length of every member along its centerline × kg/m of the section (TIS 1227) → total weight goes into STR-023 together with structural steel · anti-rust painting → STR-026 · bolts/gusset plates (% of weight) → STR-025 · can be unticked in the auto-calculation field · references DPT 1121 · EIT 011038 · AISC 360 · EN 1993

• Height = truss depth (parallel chord) or height at the highest point (gable · mono pitch · arched), measured between chord centerlines · the slope angle is shown in the drawing
• Number of panels 0 = set from the span (≈ 1.8 m per panel) · always rounded to an even number for symmetry · Fink · Fan · King post · Queen post have fixed layouts and do not use this field
• The end panels of gable/arched/scissors trusses, where the top and bottom chords already meet in a triangle, have no diagonals
• Row drawing: true-proportion truss elevation colored by member group + pin/roller supports + span and height dimensions · member table (piece · length · kg/m · kg/truss) · typical gusset plate connection · under the drawing the formulas are shown group by group, with the same figures as the BOQ and the source detail page (Backup)
• Trusses can be counted from a PDF drawing (count card → target “Steel truss”) · the floor/zone and to-floor fields work as in other tables
• Send to roof · roofing (architecture) — a field at the end of the row; sends the roof sitting on this set of trusses to the Roof · roofing table to compute roofing: enter the truss spacing, and roof length = (number of trusses − 1) × truss spacing · shape and slope come from the truss (gable/scissors = gable atan(height ÷ half span) · mono pitch = lean-to · parallel chord = low-slope roof 2° · arched = slope equivalent to the arc length) · Auto links shape/span/length/slope to always follow this row · Custom copies once · the target row computes purlins by roofing (the truss table has no purlins); eaves default to 0 and can be edited at the target

Truss connections — welds · bolts · gusset plates (Gusset plate)

The Connection field selects the connection type, and the program computes gusset plates and bolts from the actual connections of the truss type (every joint where diagonals/verticals connect + supports) · references EIT 011038 / DPT 1121 · AISC 360 J2–J3 · EN 1993-1-8 · unticking Connection in the auto-calculation field = no connections computed

• Bolt / weld: the options change with the connection type — bolts show the price code and spacing ≥ 3d · fillet welds 4–10 mm (E70xx · AWS D1.1)
• Gusset plate (mm) 6 · 8 · 10 · 12 · 16 — ≥ 6 mm and not thinner than the connected members · bolts/member end at least 2
• Approximate gusset plate size: length per member end Lc = (n−1)·3d + 2·1.5d (bolts) or ≥ 1.5 × member width (welds) · width = 0.10 + (connected web members + 1) × Lc · height = Lc + 0.05 + ½ chord depth (+0.10 at supports) — gusset plates painted on both faces go into STR-026
• Row drawing: gusset plates shown on the elevation at their computed size · the connection detail changes with the type (bolts by number/end · weld lines · double-plate section) · count summary under the member table

Pre-engineered steel buildings PEB — choose the type, enter the building size and steel sizes, get quantities instantly

The Pre-engineered steel building PEB table has its own Pre-engineered buildings (PEB) tab, right after the Steel trusses tab (it used to sit in the Structural steel tab) — one row = 1 building type (can be multiplied by the number of buildings) · enter width × length × eave height · roof slope · frame spacing, then choose the section for each member group; the program computes the number of frames, lengths, weights and fixings for the whole building · references MBMA Metal Building Systems Manual · AISC Design Guide 25 (tapered members) · DPT 1121 · the figures are estimated quantities from standard configurations; actual sizes follow the PEB manufacturer's drawings

• Main frame columns · rafters: built-up tapered sections BU 250~450 to 600~1200 — the figures are “start~end depth × flange × web × flange thickness” (mm); kg/m is computed from the average depth · interior columns choose H / I / □ / Ø from the steel tables (this field is enabled only for types with interior columns)
• Roof purlins · wall girts (Girt): cold-formed Z / C 150–250 mm, 1.6–2.5 mm thick · purlin/girt spacing as entered · purlins add 5% for laps (Lap) · eave struts (Eave strut) use the same section as the purlins
• X-bracing: round rods Ø16–25 · wire rope · L angles — number of cross-braced bays for roof and walls = 1 bay per 5 frame bays (at least 2 bays, at both end bays) · flange braces (Flange brace) L 50×50×4, 1 m long, at every purlin line except over the rafter, and at every girt line except over the column
• End walls: full main frame (allows extending the building later) or Post & Beam — end wall columns and C 200×80×7.5×11 purlin-support beams, more economical when no extension is planned
• Anchor bolt M20 · M24 · M30 SS400 or M24 F1554 Gr.55 — 4 per main frame/interior column · 2 per end wall column → codes FAS-002 / 003 / 004 / 010
• Connections: the main frame connection and bracing connection types can be selected — plates, bolts and turnbuckles are computed from the actual connections (see PEB connections) · base plate 0.30 × 0.40 × 20 mm per column → FAS-017 in every type
• Send to roof · roofing (architecture) — a field at the end of the row; sends the PEB roof to the Roof · roofing table to compute roof sheets, caps, barge flashing, gutters and insulation · gable → gable (Multi-Gable = number of gables × buildings, width per gable) · single slope/Lean-To → lean-to · slope % converted to degrees · roofing area equals rafter length × building length of the PEB table · Auto links shape/number/width/length/slope · Custom copies once · the target row is set to “no battens/purlins” (roof purlins are already computed in the PEB table) · default material high-rib metal sheet 0.47 mm AZ150

• Results in the row: number of frames · main frame weight · total steel · kg/m² — under the table it is compared with the typical PEB range of 15–35 kg/m² as a reasonableness check (example CS 30 × 60 m, eave height 8 m, frame spacing 7.5 m ≈ 37,450 kg ≈ 20.8 kg/m²)
• Roof and wall areas are shown for reference only and are not counted twice — enter the roof/wall metal sheets in the architectural roof/wall tables
• Row drawings: main frame section (tapered columns and rafters · interior columns · purlins/girts · roof slope) · roof plan (frame lines · cross-braced bays · purlin lines) · member table with BOQ codes — the same figures that flow into the BOQ · the structural steel card at the top already includes the PEB weight

PEB connections — end plates · splice plates · welds · bracing gussets · purlin cleats

The Main frame connection field applies to every frame connection (column-rafter knee · ridge · interior column head · rafter splices about every 12 m by transport length · the Lean-To's connection to the existing building) · references AISC Design Guide 4 / 16 (end plates) · MBMA · AISC 360 Chapter J · EN 1993-1-8 · AWS D1.1 · EIT 011038 / DPT 1121 · changing the type sets the bolt/weld, plate thickness and bolts/connection defaults for you (can be edited further)

• Bolt / weld: A325M M12–M24 (FAS-072–076) · grade 8.8 (FAS-047–051) · S10T (FAS-120–123) or CJP + web fillets 6/8/10 mm · end/splice plate 12 · 16 · 20 · 25 · 32 mm
• Column stiffeners at the knee (Continuity plate) 4 plates/knee (b − tw)/2 × (d − 2tf), computed for every connection type
• Bracing connections: gusset plate + bolts (angles: 2 A325M M16 bolts/end → FAS-073 · rods threaded through a hole with double nuts) · welded gusset plate (fillet 2 × 100 mm/end) · Hillside washer passed through the frame web, no plate (rods/wire rope only — changing to angles reverts to a gusset automatically) · gusset 0.20 × 0.25 m (angles) / 0.15 × 0.20 m (rods/wire rope), thickness per the Gusset (mm) field → FAS-017
• Turnbuckles 1 per bracing member: rod Ø16 → FAS-209 · Ø20 → FAS-210 · Ø25 → FAS-212 · wire rope Ø12 → FAS-208 + 3 wire rope clips/end → FAS-217
• Purlin/girt cleats (Cleat) at every purlin line crossing a frame line, plate 0.10 × (purlin depth + 30 mm), 6 mm thick → FAS-017 · 4 A307 ½" bolts/cleat + 2 per flange brace → FAS-055
• Splice plates/gussets painted on both faces go into STR-026 (galvanized purlin cleats are not painted) · the row drawing has connection details in 3 panels by the selected type: main frame connection · bracing connection + turnbuckle · purlin cleat

Cellular · Castellated beams — pick a type, enter the parent section, get quantities instantly

The table has its own Cellular beams tab, right after the Pre-engineered buildings (PEB) tab (it used to sit in the Structural steel tab) — the beam is made from a parent section by cutting the web along a profile, shifting one half by half a cell and welding it back together, giving a beam 1.4–2.0 times deeper with web openings for routing services · one row = beams of one type (multiplied by the number of beams) · references SCI P355 · AISC Design Guide 31 · EN 1993-1-1 · ArcelorMittal ACB / Angelina · DPT 1121 · TIS 1227

• Parent section: narrow/medium-flange H to TIS 1227 (JIS) · IPE / HEA (EN 10365) · UB (BS 4-1) and the H/I sections in the steel table — the options show kg/m and the approximate Dg
• Opening a0 and opening spacing s: enter 0 = calculated by the program from the type (the value used is shown below the field) · or enter your own per the manufacturer's design · geometry is checked to SCI P355 / AISC DG 31: a0 ≤ 0.8Dg · web post ≥ 0.25a0 · tee depth ≥ tf + 30 mm · Dg/d ≤ 1.6 (with infill plate ≤ 2.0) — failures are shown in red below the field
• Number of openings = ⌊(length − 2a0)/s⌋ + 1 (first opening a0 from the beam end) · Finished beam weight = (top flange + bottom flange + web over the depth) × length − openings × web thickness × 7,850 × root-radius factor of the section → STR-023 · mid-web infill plate → STR-023 · also shows the parent section weight required (length + s/2) and the cutting offcut
• Infilled openings/beam (web filled solid at openings near supports/point loads) · Stiffener pairs/beam → plate FAS-017
• Beam end connection and Mid-span splice can be bolted, welded or gusset plate (see Cellular beam connections)
• Anti-rust paint = surface around the section perimeter − openings on both faces + opening edges → STR-026 (including both faces of plates) · the structural steel card at the top already includes the cellular beam weight
• Row drawing: beam elevation to scale (long beams show the end portions) with infilled openings, stiffeners, end plates and dimension lines Dg · a0 · s · parent section + cut line · section A–A through a web post · B–B through an opening · quantity table · connection details in 2 panels (beam end · mid-span splice) according to the selected type

Cellular beam connections — bolted · welded · gusset plate · mid-span splice

References SCI P358 (simple shear connections) · AISC 360 Chapter J · AISC Design Guide 16 · Uniform Force Method (gusset) · AWS D1.1 · EIT 011038 / DPT 1121 · when you change the connection type, the Bolt / weld field switches its options to match the type and Bolts/end is set to a default (still editable)

• Splices/beam: enter 0 = automatic ⌈length ÷ 12⌉ − 1 splices (transport length) — a 30 m beam = 2 splices · with welded beam ends the splices use A325M M20 bolts
• Connection plate (mm) 10–25 applies to end plates, fins, gussets, erection plates and splice plates → FAS-017, with both faces painted into STR-026
• Welds show their length per beam in the item list and below the drawing (welding cost is included in STR-023) · weld leg as selected (fillet 4–10 mm or CJP + web fillet)

Timber works tab — pick a timber structure type and species, enter sizes, get timber volume instantly

The Timber works tab comes after Connections & fixings — one row = 1 set of timber work (can be multiplied by a quantity) · choose a Timber structure type and the program sets default sizes, spacings and dimensions the Member 1–4 fields change meaning by type (the dropdown shows the member name, e.g. “Rafter · 2×6 in”), and the hint under the number fields explains what length/width/height/spacing mean for that type · references DPT 1201 (timber building design) · AS 1684 / NZS 3604 (timber framing) · AS 1720.1 · EN 1995 (Eurocode 5) · EN 14080 (Glulam) · AS/NZS 4357 (LVL)

• Species/grade → code: hardwood STR-255 · medium hardwood STR-256 · imported pine, H3 treated STR-257 (ft³) · Glulam STR-258 · LVL/CLT STR-259 (m³) · Thai timber uses sizes in inches and is calculated in ft³ = in × in × length (m) × 3.2808 ÷ 144 (e.g. 2×4 in, 4 m long = 0.73 ft³) · imported pine/Glulam/LVL use sizes in mm · changing the species converts sizes in ↔ mm to the nearest equivalent · “pair” = two pieces sandwiched together
• Spacing 1–3: enter 0 = default for the type · Waste allowance left blank = default by species (sawn timber 8–10% · Glulam/LVL 5%) · stairs show a red warning when the riser > 0.18 m or the tread < 0.25 m
• Auto-calculate: wood preservative (surface around the section perimeter → STR-261) · joints·fixings (per the selected joint type — see the next section) · paint/stain (→ ARC-041) · area-based floor boards/cladding → ARC-111 / STR-262 / ARC-106 (if the same room already has a timber floor chosen in the room table, set this to “None” to avoid double counting)
• Codes STR-255 – STR-263 are new and have no price in the median price database yet — set a price on the price database page before use · they are placed under sub-category STR.07 (timber formwork and shoring) until a timber works category is added to the 3-level work categories
• Row drawings (drafting to ISO 128 / DPT): ① plan/elevation by type — centred and symmetrical · grid bubbles on beam/post/wall lines · section line A–A · two-tier dimension lines (continuous sub-dimensions “n @ spacing” + overall dimension) · level symbol ▽ · ② section A–A / elevation / assembly plan — member labels with sizes · floor/top plate/ridge/ground levels · floors and decks show the first joist span A–B at a large scale with break lines · RC post/fence footings · ③ timber member schedule (size · pieces · total length · ft³ · m³) · ④ cross-sections of every member at the same scale · ⑤ timber connection details, 3 symmetrical views by type — a joint elevation · b section/plan of fastener positions · c hardware detail (nail L × d · bolt + washer Ø ≥ 3d · nail plate on both faces · joist hanger · fully threaded screw · 10 mm slotted-in plate + dowels · tenon t/3 + timber peg) with edge distances/spacings per EN 1995 §8 (≥ 4d · 5d · 7d · 10d in mm) and the total number of joints/fasteners

Timber connections — nails · bolts · nail plates · proprietary steel connectors · timber screws · slotted-in steel plates · traditional joinery

References DPT 1201 (timber) · EN 1995-1-1 (Eurocode 5) §8 · AS 1720.1 / AS 1720.5 (nail plates) · AS 1684 · ANSI/TPI 1 · EN 14592 (timber screws) · the program counts joints from the geometry of the type (not a lump sum by volume) and multiplies by the joint type · calculated when Joints·fixings is ticked in the auto-calculate field · changing the type sets the Nail / bolt / screw and Pieces/joint fields to the defaults for that type (editable) · choosing a new structure type selects the joint type commonly used for it

• Main joints (counted per set): roof = rafter apex/ridge + rafter seat on the top plate + king post-strut · truss = joints in the truss × number of trusses + truss on wall 2/truss · floor/deck = joist on beam + blocking (+ deck posts) · wall = studs top and bottom + opening sides · ceiling = hangers at 2 ends · post and beam = post head + post base + braces at 4 ends · fence = posts × rails · stair = treads/risers on stringers + top and bottom of stringers
• Light member fixings (battens · purlins · ceiling battens · noggings · floor boards · fence pickets) take 2 × 3-inch nails/fixing for every joint type → STR-260
• Stud walls have bottom plate anchor bolts A307 ½" every 1.20 m → FAS-055 for every joint type · every figure is given in the notes beside the drawing, in drawing ⑤ and in the BOQ sub-items

Stainless steel tab — pick a work type, grade and finish, enter sizes and sections, get stainless weight instantly

The Stainless steel tab comes after Aluminium — one row = 1 set/run/leaf/post/sheet of work (can be multiplied by a quantity) · choose a Work type (the dropdown is colour-grouped by category: guardrails · handrails · gates-fences · sheets-counters · external works · components) and the program fills in the default sizes, sections, spacings and fixing for that type, all editable · the Section 1–3 fields change meaning by type (the hint below shows the role, e.g. handrail · baluster post · infill bar) · fields the type does not use are greyed out · references ASTM A554 / JIS G3446 (ornamental tube) · EN 10296-2 (Ø42.4 handrail tube) · ASTM A276 / A484 (round bar, flat bar, angle) · ASTM A240 / JIS G4305 (sheet) · Ministerial Regulation No. 55 and the 2021 Ministerial Regulation on facilities for persons with disabilities · BS 6180 · IBC 1015

• Weight = total length × kg/m of the section (round tube π(D − t)t·ρ · square/rectangular tube 2(a + b − 2t)t·ρ · round bar πd²/4·ρ · flat bar b·t·ρ · angle (2a − t)t·ρ) · sheet = area × thickness × ρ · the section dropdown shows kg/m for the row's grade · Waste allowance left blank = 5%
• Grade → code (tube/profile · sheet): SUS304 ρ 7.93 → ARC-170 / ARC-175 · SUS316L ρ 7.98 (seaside · swimming pools) → ARC-171 / ARC-176 · SUS201 ρ 7.80 (interior) → ARC-172 / ARC-177 · SUS430 ρ 7.70 → ARC-173 / ARC-177 · Duplex 2205 ρ 7.80 → ARC-174 / ARC-176
• Finish: Hairline · No.4 · 2B/BA are included in the price per kg · Mirror No.8 → ARC-178 and PVD colour coating → ARC-179 are calculated on the full surface area around each piece
• Fixing (per point = post/bracket/table leg): base plate 100×100×6 + 4 stainless ½" wedge anchors (FAS-277) · side-mount plate 80×150×8 + 2 anchors · embedded in concrete + M12 chemical anchor (FAS-286) · wall bracket + 2 ⅜" drop-in anchors (FAS-436) · flagpole plate + 4 sets of M16 chemical anchors (FAS-287) — base plates are counted as stainless sheet of the same grade
• Auto-calculate: special finish (Mirror/PVD) · plates·anchors · glass·cables·rail accessories — untick when priced separately or already included in the supplier's price
• Codes ARC-170 – ARC-183 use market median prices of Nov 2569 (materials + labour for cutting, bending, welding, polishing and installation) and sit in work category ARC.10 Stairs, railings and miscellaneous metalwork · adjust them from quotations on the price database page · counts can be taken from PDF drawings with the Stainless steel chip · the SketchUp/Revit plugins send pieces whose names contain stainless/SUS304 (or the Thai word for stainless) into this table
• Row drawings (drafting to ISO 128 · not to scale): ① plan · ② elevation · ③ section A–A · ④ enlarged member cross-sections (size in mm · kg/m by grade) · ⑤ quantity table (same figures as the BOQ) — guardrails/fences space posts evenly along the whole run; runs longer than 6 bays are broken to show the first 3 bays + the last bay · the section shows the fixing (base plate · side mount · embedded in concrete) · handrails show the 50 mm clearance from the wall and the 0.30 m extension · gratings show the slots · flagpoles show the stepped tube lengths · single pieces include a cutting plan from 6 m stock lengths · bar/cable gaps over 100 mm or a rail lower than 0.90 m show a red message on the drawing

Aluminium tab — pick a work type, finish and glass, enter sizes and sections, get aluminium weight and quantities instantly

The Aluminium tab comes after Interior built-in works — one row = 1 set/leaf/wall of work (can be multiplied by a quantity) · choose a Work type (colour groups: doors-windows · glass walls · cladding-ceilings · sun shading-ventilation · railings-components) and the program fills in default sizes, sections, spacings, glass and fixing, all editable · the Section 1–3 fields change meaning by type · references EN 573 / EN 755 (6063-T5) · AAMA 611 / 2603 / 2604 / 2605 (finishes) · AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101 (windows) · EN 13830 (curtain walling) · ASTM C1036 · TIS 965 / TIS 1222 (glass) · ASTM C920 / C1184 (sealants) · Ministerial Regulation No. 55 (guardrails)

• Method: Itemised components (default) = profiles in kg + glass + sealant + hardware + insect screen + screws/anchors · Lump sum per unit = the existing finished-work codes (sliding window ARC-035 · awning window ARC-036 · fixed light/storefront ARC-037 per m² · sliding door ARC-033 · swing door ARC-130 per set · partition ARC-104 · ACP ARC-139 · sun shading/louvres ARC-140 · ceiling ARC-119) components are shown for reference but do not go into the BOQ — if doors and windows are already taken off in the Doors & windows table, do not enter them again here
• Elevation · section (click the icon at the end of the row): ① plan ② elevation seen from outside ③ section A–A with enlarged top and bottom details (middle portion broken out) ④ enlarged member cross-sections with kg/m ⑤ quantity table (same totals as the BOQ) · leaves/glass panes/panels/fins/posts divided evenly along the run (symmetrical) · arrows = sliding direction · dashed triangle with apex pointing to the hinge side · very long walls or railings show the first 3 bays + break + the last bay · members coloured by the selected finish (wood grain shown in wood colour) · curtain walls show slab-edge brackets + fire-stop insulation · ceilings show a reflected ceiling plan · single pieces show a cutting plan from 6.00 m lengths
• Weight = total length × kg/m · 6063-T5 ρ 2.70 · box 2(a + b − 2t)t·ρ · frame/sash = equivalent box × 1.25 (glazing pockets/fins) · fins/louvre blades b·t·ρ × 1.2 · round tube π(D − t)t·ρ · angle (2a − t)t·ρ · channel (a + 2b − 2t)t·ρ — check against the manufacturer's catalogue before ordering · Waste allowance left blank = 5%
• Finish → profile code: anodised/mill finish ARC-185 · powder coat ARC-186 · PVDF/wood grain ARC-187 · Glass: clear/tinted 6 mm ARC-188 · tempered ARC-189 · laminated ARC-190 · Low-E IGU ARC-191
• Auto-calculate (can be unticked): screws·anchors/brackets (stainless screws FAS-433 every 0.40 m · brackets + wedge anchors FAS-277) · sealant·gaskets ARC-192 · leaf hardware ARC-193 · insect screen ARC-197
• Codes ARC-185 – ARC-197 use market median prices of Nov 2569 · profiles, glass, sealant and hardware are in category ARC.07 Doors, windows and hardware · ACP/aluminium panels are in category ARC.08 External walls and glass walls · counts can be taken from drawings with the Aluminium chip · the plugins send pieces whose names contain aluminium/ACP/louver/curtain wall (or the Thai word for aluminium) into this table

Rebar schedule — cross-section · bar surface detail · full-bar elevation

Click the drawing icon of a row in the Rebar schedule tab to get three views for the selected size (same set as structural steel)

• Section A–A (enlarged) — diameter marked Ø · steel hatching · centre lines · DB shows the two longitudinal ribs and the transverse ribs as a dashed ring · cross-sectional area stated
• Bar surface detail (enlarged) — DB with inclined transverse ribs at a spacing not exceeding 0.7Ø (TIS 24) and longitudinal ribs · RB plain surface (TIS 20) · break lines at both ends, cutting plane A–A
• Full-bar elevation — length shortened with break lines, dimension line for Length each as entered · RB with standard 180° hooks, extension 4Ø but not less than 60 mm · below the drawing: members × bars/member = number of bars
• The sheet footer gives the weight in kg/m · bar bending shapes and detailed cut lengths are on the Bar-cut plan page

Connections · bolts · fixings (taken off by fixing point)

The Connections & fixings tab (formerly Fixings) follows Structural steel and is used to take off bolts and fixings from the details in the drawings — steel column base plates · steel structure connections · pipe or cable tray hanger runs · roof/wall screws · anchors and general fixing points every row picks an item from the Bolts, nuts and fixings category (FAS-001–444, see section 10) · when you change the fixing type, the system sets the default item, pieces/point, dimensions and accessory for that type, all still editable · the quantity and dimension fields mean different things by type, so every row has a hint below the fields (e.g. “hanger spacing” or “plate thickness”)

Per-point multiplier of the type — some types use more than one component per point; the system multiplies for you and writes it in the formula below the drawing and in the Excel sheet: steel plates (BFP 2 · Stiffened Seat 2 · Column Stiffener 4 · Bearing Stiffener 2 plates/point) · threaded rod (Trapeze 2 rods/point) · anchors/end fixings (Trapeze 2 · seismic brace 2 · Riser Clamp 2 · pipe clamp 2 · guy wire 6 clips/point)

Accessory is calculated in the unit of the selected code — kg codes (plates) = weight from the size · m codes (threaded rod) = points × dimension 3 · piece-count codes = one per point · the grey columns show fixing points · main item · accessory · anchors · every item sits under Structural engineering works in the BOQ (work category STR.10 Steel structure · form ties/tie rods STR.07 Formwork) and the sub-items can be expanded to show which row they came from (label Fixing points)

Row elevation · section (click the icon at the end of the row, or click the row — see Elevation · section) drawn by fixing type from the row's actual values with the bolt size taken from the code name (e.g. M20 × 500 mm):

• Steel column base — plate plan (bolts per base, placed at the corners or on two sides + H column) · section (pedestal · levelling grout · plate · nut + washer · cast-in bolt with bent end, length per code)
• All connection categories / steel structure connections — drawn by connection type (see Row drawings) · legacy rows with no type: connection elevation (members on both sides · splice plate · bolt grid) · bolt section (head · two plies · washer · nut · Ø and length)
• Pipe hanger / cable tray — hanger run elevation (hanger points at actual spacing · run length · threaded rod) · section by fixing type (see Fixing types)
• Roof / wall sheet fixing — sheet plan with screw positions per m² · section by type (crest fixed · concealed clip · valley fixed · insulated panel · board · gypsum)
• General fixing — number of points × items per point · section by fixing type, or “General” = by product group (concrete anchors · lifting eyes · pipe clamps · general bolts)

Below the drawing is a list of dimensions by type (with the full name of the selected item) and the formula the system uses — the figures match the totals flowing into the BOQ

Choose fixing type → connection type (two steps)

Fixing types are split by the connection classification of EN 1993-1-8 §5.2 and AISC 360 §B3.4 — choose the category first, and the Connection type field then shows only the types of that category · options in both fields share the same category colour and have a description under the name (when to use · number of types) · changing the category resets the type to that category's default

Fixing types — hangers · sheet fixing · general fixing

The fixing kinds other than steel connections have the same Type field — once chosen, the system sets the default main item · pieces/point (or pieces/m²) · hanger spacing · accessory · anchors/end fixing (it does not change the run length or area already entered) · the section changes with the type · rows made earlier get the first type of their kind, totals unchanged

The Measured on drawing card: hanger run measurement lines and sheet fixing areas have a Fixing type field guessed from the item name (e.g. “cable tray” → Trapeze · “Klip-Lok” → Concealed Clip · “gypsum ceiling” → Gypsum Board) · point counts of the general fixing kind likewise guess Wedge / chemical / drop-in / clamp / lifting eye from the name

Steel connection types (Steel Connections in the style of Tekla Structures)

Rows of type Steel column base · categorised connections (shear · moment · bracing · splice · stiffener) and Steel structure connection have a Connection type column after the fixing type (options by type — see two-step selection) — grouped by application as in Tekla · once a type is chosen, the system sets pieces/point, plate size (width × length/height × thickness) and the accessory as steel plate (kg), all still editable · the row's elevation and section change with the type instantly · if a type that does not match the kind is chosen (e.g. Shear Tab in a column base row), the system ignores it and draws the default for that kind

Connection category — every type is labelled with its category in the drawing title and the dimension list, following the classification of EN 1993-1-8 §5.2 (pinned · semi-rigid · rigid) and AISC 360 §B3.4 (Simple / Moment Connection): Shear — Clip Angle · Single Angle · Seated Angle · Stiffened Seat · Tee Shear · Shear Tab · End Plate beam-to-beam · beam-to-beam welded all round · Moment — End Plate (Moment) · Flush End Plate · Stiffened End Plate 8ES · Bolted Flange Plate · RBS · Welded Moment · Haunch · Bracing · Splice · Stiffener · Base

Reference standards — Thai: EIT Standard for Structural Steel Buildings (based on AISC methods) · steel sections to TIS 1227 · DPT 1301/1302-61 (seismic-resistant buildings — use prequalified moment connections) · international: AISC 360-16 (Ch. J connections · §J10 concentrated forces — stiffeners/web doubler plates) · AISC 358 (prequalified moment connections: RBS · BFP · 4E/4ES/8ES) · AISC 341 (seismic force-resisting frames) · AISC Design Guide 4 / 13 / 16 · AISC Steel Construction Manual Part 10 (Shear) / Part 12 (Moment) · RCSC (high-strength bolts) · EN 1993-1-8 (joints) · EN 1993-1-5 (plated elements/stiffeners) · AWS D1.1 / D1.8 (welding) — defaults are typical sizes for cost estimating; actual sizes follow the engineer's calculations

Every drawing is symmetrical — the main column/beam sits in the middle with equal members on both sides · with welding symbols per AWS A2.4 (arrow · reference line · fillet triangle · CJP groove · circle = weld all around · weld leg size) and weld beads at the actual corners · plate faces show the bolt edge distance e · pitch p · gauge g · welded connections set pieces/point = 0 (no bolts) and count only steel plates (kg) · below the drawing the weld type and approximate weld length are given — welding cost is included in the steel fabrication and erection cost (price per kg in the structural steel table), not as a separate item · the Measured on drawing card guesses welded types from the name (weld/butt, in Thai or English)

Row drawings — steel column base · pipe hangers · sheet fixing · general fixing

Click the drawing icon of a row to get drawings that follow the same drafting conventions as structural steel (dimension lines with arrows · centre lines · 45° steel hatching · concrete hatching per ISO), arranged symmetrically about the centre axis

• Steel column base — plate plan A × B with H column · holes k-Ø(d+6) placed symmetrically (2 bolts left-right · 4 at the corners · more in equal top and bottom rows) · edge distance e and spacing · stiffeners when Stiffened is chosen · section A–A through the bolt line: column (broken), plate t, non-shrink grout, RC pedestal, cast-in bolts with bent ends, nut + washer, distance between bolts and bolt length (shortened when too long for the frame)
• Pipe hanger / cable tray — hanger run elevation: RC slab, threaded rod, hanger, hanger spacing and run length · section by type: Clevis (clevis hanger) · Band (band around a small pipe) · Trapeze (paired threaded rods, support beam, pipes + U-bolts) · Beam Clamp (steel beam section, flange clamp) · Seismic Brace (diagonal brace ≈45°, brace anchor) · Riser (vertical pipe through the slab, clamp + 2 anchors)
• Roof / wall sheet fixing — sheet plan with purlin lines (dashed) and screw positions · section by type: crest (corrugated sheet, C purlin, screw + rubber washer) · clip concealed under the crest · valley on a girt · insulated panel (top and bottom skins, insulation, long screw + curved washer) · board on stud framing · gypsum under C framing
• General fixing — plan of fixing positions (centred) · section by type: Wedge (expansion wedge) · Sleeve · Drop-in (internal thread, flush) · Chemical (adhesive around the stud) · Cast-in (embedded insert) · Hollow Wall (umbrella toggle behind the board) · Plastic Plug · Pipe Clamp (2 anchors) · Lifting (eye bolt + shackle) · Guy Wire (turnbuckle, wire rope, 3 clips) — “General” draws by the original product group
• 23 steel connection types (including 4 stiffened types · shear · moment) — the same drawing set, symmetrical about the main column/beam axis (see Connection types):
  • Beam-column End Plate (Moment) · Haunch — elevation with beams on both sides, column stiffeners, end plate + plate face (bolts e · g · p · beam outline dashed) · Clip Angle — elevation + horizontal section through the beam web (H column in plan, double angles, bolts)
  • Shear Single Angle · Tee Shear — elevation + horizontal section through the beam web · Seated Angle — elevation + section A–A through the seat angle · Moment Bolted Flange Plate — elevation + flange plate plan · RBS — elevation of the reduced flange zone + beam flange plan a · b · c · Flush End Plate — elevation + plate face · the drawing title states the connection category
  • Beam-beam Shear Tab · End Plate full/partial · welded all round — main beam as a central section, secondary beams coped on both sides + plate face or fillet detail
  • Bracing Gusset X · Corner Bracing · welded bracing — gusset plate, double-angle braces + section A–A (bolts through 3 plies, or fillets along the angle legs)
  • Lap/butt splice Splice Plate — outer and inner flange plates, web plates on both sides + section at the splice · Welded Splice / Welded Moment — CJP detail: groove, root opening, backing bar, weld access hole
  • Welding symbols per AWS A2.4 (arrow · reference line · fillet/CJP · weld-all-around circle · tail) · continuous members use break lines · drawings are not to scale; the figures are the row's actual values

Masonry walls · plaster (by wall line)

The room/area table calculates walls from room perimeter × height × wall ratio, which suits ordinary rooms · walls that do not enclose a room, or that you want to take off line by line from the drawings, such as fences, retaining walls, lower warehouse walls, plant room partitions, walls under signs, go in this table (after Ceilings (per area) in the Architecture tab) · its quantities are added on top of the room table, so do not enter the same wall in both tables

System calculates — wall body × 1.05 (brick waste) · stiffener columns-lintels ARC-008 = net masonry wall × the “stiffener columns-lintels per m² of masonry wall” value in Manual entries (not counted for drywalls and plaster only) · the grey columns show net wall · plaster · paint (before allowances) · in the BOQ by work category every item is in B1 Masonry walls and plastering (paint in B6) · expand the sub-items to see which room or wall line they came from

Roofs · roof coverings — pick a roof shape and covering, enter sizes and battens/purlins, get quantities instantly

The Roof · roof covering table in the Architecture tab (after Stair finishes) — choose a roof shape (the same 10 types as the house roof frame: gable · L-shaped gable · gambrel (barn) · hip · L-shaped hip · Manila (hip-and-gable) · pyramid · lean-to · low-slope flat · butterfly) choose a covering, enter width × length, pitch and eaves overhang (and the L wing), then choose battens/steel purlins, insulation and gutters — you get the covering area along the slope, caps, flashings, barge boards, fascia, eaves soffit, gutters, insulation and batten/purlin weight instantly · references TIS 535 · TIS 1407 · TIS 2228 · EN 1304 · ASTM D3462 · EN 12326 · ASTM D6878 · manufacturers' manuals

• Covering area = horizontal area including eaves ÷ cos(pitch) × (1 + waste) — waste left blank = default by material (tiles 5% · sheet 3% · shingle 10% · roof deck 10% including laps) · a pitch below/above the manufacturer's range shows red below the field
• Battens/steel purlins — choose a size (Top Hat batten · box section · cold-formed C), spacing 0 = per covering → weight (kg) → STR-024 · non-galvanised sections get paint STR-026 · choose “Not counted” when the battens/purlins are already taken off in the house roof frame/truss/timber works tables (to avoid double counting)
• Auto-calculate (tickable): caps·flashings (ridge/hip caps ARC-058 · valley gutter + wall abutment flashing ARC-123) · fascia·barge boards (ARC-029 · ARC-166) · eaves soffit (horizontal area including eaves − house wall footprint → ARC-022) · battens/steel purlins
• Gutters: all round the eaves / long sides only → ARC-028 (including 1 downpipe every ≤ 12 m) · flat roof = 1 roof drain/50 m² (at least 2) → SAN-108 · Insulation: reflective foil/PE sheet ARC-126 · sprayed PU ARC-056 · foil-faced glass wool ARC-057 (area along the slope) · glass wool on the ceiling ARC-027 (ceiling area)
• Having rows in this table = the covering area, eaves soffit, gutters and fascia are taken from the table instead of the roof parameters of the Architecture tab (to avoid double counting) · if the roof is already covered in the house roof frame table (with “Roof covering·fascia” ticked), do not enter the same roof here · codes ARC-160 – ARC-166 are new — set prices on the price database page before use (sub-category roofing, gutters and insulation)
• Row drawings: ① roof plan — covering pattern (tiles in rows at the batten spacing · sheets along the slope · flat roofs show roof drains), ridge/hip caps, valley gutters, gutters + downpipes, barge boards, slope arrows, grid bubbles, section line A–A, two-tier dimension lines · ② section A–A with material layers (covering · battens/purlins · insulation), levels, pitch, fascia, gutter, eaves soffit · ③ front elevation (eaves side — roof plane with covering pattern, ridge caps, barge boards, fascia, gutters + downpipes, upper wall broken off) · ④ side elevation (gable end with gable wall/hip end) — top plate/ridge levels, height dimension chain, grid bubbles · ⑤ quantity table with formulas and codes · ⑥ 3 details showing the actual material layers (frame → battens/purlins → insulation → covering) with labels and manufacturer's dimensions: a eaves (fascia · gutter + downpipe · eaves soffit · eaves overhang) · b ridge, symmetrical on both sides (tile ridge cap + mortar/clips, lap ≥ 75 mm/side, or metal sheet ridge cap lap ≥ 150 mm + profile foam closure) · c valley gutter (width ≥ 300 mm, water channel ≥ 100 mm) when there is a valley, or wall abutment flashing (upstand flashing ≥ 150 mm + counter flashing in a wall chase + sealant) — flat roof: parapet edge · roof drain · material layers

Truss roofs · roof coverings — pick a truss type and covering, enter the building size and steel sizes

The Truss roof · roof covering table in the Architecture tab — take off a whole roof in one row: choose one of 15 truss types (the same set as the steel truss table — parallel chord Pratt/Howe/Warren/K/Vierendeel · pitched Pratt/Howe/Fink/Fan/King post/Queen post/scissor · mono-pitch · Bowstring arch), choose a covering (the same set as the roof · roof covering table, except flat roofs) enter truss span, building length, truss height, truss spacing and eaves, then choose steel sizes for top chord · bottom chord · diagonals · verticals · purlins · bracing — you instantly get the complete set of steel weight, purlins, bracing, plates, bolts and covering · references EIT 011038 / DPT 1121 · AISC 360 · AISI S100 · TIS 1228 · covering manufacturers' manuals

• Trusses: ⌈building length ÷ truss spacing⌉ + 1 trusses · roof pitch derived from the truss height (gable = atan(height ÷ half span)) · top chord extends over the eaves at both ends = eaves ÷ cos pitch · truss/bracing steel → STR-023 (combined with structural steel)
• Purlins per plane ⌈slope length ÷ purlin spacing⌉ + 1 lines × length along the ridge (building length + 2 × eaves) → STR-024 · purlin spacing 0 = per covering · for tiles, choose prefabricated battens and a truss spacing ≤ 1.2 m (the program sets these when the covering changes) · Bracing: X in both end bays + every ~5 bays in every plane + 2 lines of bottom chord sway bracing (RB 12/16 mm or angle)
• Auto-calculate (tickable): anti-rust paint (STR-026 · galvanised purlins are not painted) · base plates 250 × 250 × 12 mm + gusset plates at every joint (FAS-017) + 4 base bolts/base (FAS-056) · caps·flashings (ARC-058 · ARC-123) · fascia·barge boards (ARC-029 · ARC-166) · eaves soffit (ARC-022) · gutters ARC-028 · insulation as selected
• Covering area = slope length (top chord + eaves overhang) × length along the ridge × (1 + waste) · the pitch is checked against the covering (flat parallel-chord trusses warn you to use a low-pitch covering or increase the height); purlin spacing and truss spacing show red below the field
• Having rows in this table = the roof frame (instead of the lump-sum steel in kg/m²), covering, eaves soffit, gutters and fascia are taken from the table instead of the roof parameters (to avoid double counting) · do not enter the same roof again in the steel truss or roof · roof covering tables
• Row drawings: ① roof plan — trusses at every spacing (truss number bubbles), purlins, X bracing, ridge/caps, gutters + downpipes, barge boards, slope direction, section line A–A, dimension lines n @ spacing · ② section A–A — truss coloured by member group, top chord extending over the eaves, purlins on the top chord, covering, gutter, supporting columns/walls + base plates, levels, joint panels · ③ front elevation (eaves side) — roof plane with covering pattern, ridge cap, barge boards, fascia, gutters + downpipes along the columns, columns supporting the trusses at every spacing with truss number bubbles · ④ side elevation (gable end) — clad gable, trusses behind shown dashed, roof band following the top chord profile, bottom chord/ridge levels · ⑤ member and quantity table with formulas · ⑥ 3 details showing the actual members with labels: truss bearing (top and bottom chords · gusset + bolts · base plate + base bolts · purlins · eaves + gutter) · ridge joint, symmetrical (gusset · vertical · purlins on both sides · ridge cap), or top chord-diagonal joint for parallel-chord/arched/mono-pitch trusses · purlin fixed to the top chord (L 50×50×5 purlin cleat + 2 bolts · self-drilling screws + rubber washer · insulation)

Metal sheet walls · sign faces (warehouses · factories · billboards)

A table in the Architecture tab for work where the walls are sheet metal and cannot be calculated from room sizes — warehouse/factory walls, sandwich panels, ACP walls, sun-shading panels and billboard faces · enter one row per face and the system breaks it down into a complete set of BOQ items · Roofs go in the Roof · roof covering table or Truss roof · roof covering (the roof type has been removed from this table — old roof rows are still calculated as before and show a red note telling you to move them)

System calculates — sheet = net area × (1 + Metal sheet lap/waste allowance, default 5% in Manual entries) · caps/flashings ARC-058, approximately: wall = top edge closure + two corners · sign face = edge all round the sign 2(width + height) · the grey columns show net area · caps/edges · sub-frame weight for each row

Building roofs are entered in the Roof · roof covering table / Truss roof · roof covering or in Manual entries (horizontal width/length · slope factor · covering code) — use only one method per roof surface · in the work categories (WBS), metal sheet walls are in ARC.01 · insulation and caps in ARC.05 · sign faces and vinyl in ARC.12 · sub-frames in STR.10

Stair finishes (per flight)

A table in the Architecture tab after Doors & windows — enter one stair flight at a time from the drawings, and the program calculates tread and riser finishes, landings, handrails, stair nosings and stair skirting · or count the flights on the plan in the Drawings page and send them from the count card (destination Stair finishes — see Send from card)

Ceilings (per area)

The second table in the Architecture tab, after Rooms/areas — the room table already calculates ceilings from room sizes; this table is for ceilings that do not match a room — lobby ceilings, long corridor ceilings, eaves soffits, slab soffits or rooms with several ceiling types · enter width × length × quantity − openings, then choose the ceiling type

• Ceiling type — smooth-jointed gypsum · T-bar · moisture-resistant gypsum · fire-rated · metal ceiling · acoustic · fibre cement soffit · plastered slab soffit — or type your own name
• Insulation above ceiling covers the full ceiling area · Access panels: enter the number of sets (ARC-121)
• Auto-calculate — ✓ ceiling cornice ARC-023 = perimeter × quantity (gypsum ceilings) · ✓ paint ARC-039 (smooth-jointed and plastered ceilings), can be unticked

Architectural drawings — plan · elevation · section of each row

Every table in the Architecture tab (rooms/areas · ceilings · walls by line · doors–windows · stair finishes · metal sheet) draws with the same set as the structural steel drawings — the same frame: left = plan/elevation · right = section/plan, arranged symmetrically about the centre axis · the figures on the drawing are the row's actual values (drawings not to scale) · drawn per ISO 128 (line weights · material hatching ISO 128-50) · ISO 129 (dimension lines with arrows) · ISO 7519 / ISO 4157 (construction drawings — reference grids, room labels, door and window symbols, levels ▽) and Thai construction drawing conventions (finished floor level ±0.00 · door tag in a circle D · window tag in a hexagon W · “UP” arrow on stairs)

Ancillary work (Auto-calculate field) is shown on every drawing — only the items the program actually calculates, under the same conditions as the BOQ totals, are drawn, and their names are listed at the end of the drawing (“Ancillary work: …”) · below the drawing are the formulas for each item:

Take-off by item code (at the end of the Architecture tab) — drawings are chosen by code type: walls → elevation + wall section · ceilings → ceiling plan + section · doors/windows → elevation + plan (size from the length/width fields or read from the code name, e.g. 0.90×2.00 m) · roofs/metal sheet/signs/sandwich/ACP → metal sheet drawing · other codes by unit: m² finish pattern plan + section of the layers (finish · bedding/primer · substrate) · m elevation of the run + cross-section · m³ plan + section · set/piece position plan + item elevation

Material hatching: clay brick diagonal lines · concrete block crosshatch · AAC block air bubbles · drywall fine dots · concrete aggregate · insulation zigzag lines · plaster dots · timber grain · wall body thickness: half-brick clay brick 70 · full-brick 140 · block 70 · AAC block 75 / 100 / 200 · drywall 100–120 mm (+ 15 mm plaster/side for masonry walls)

Electrical/communication drawings — electrical point plan · mounting-height elevation

The electrical points per room table now has a drawing for each row (click the row or the 📐 button) — the same frame as the rebar and architectural drawings · symbols follow IEC 60617 and the Electrical Installation Standard for Thailand (EIT 2001) · emergency lights and exit signs follow EIT 2004 and ISO 7010

Below the drawing is a list of each point type with its price code (ELE-014 lighting point · ELE-015 outlet · ELE-016 A/C outlet · ELE-017 switch · ELE-018–022 luminaires/emergency lights/exit signs · ELE-025–028 LAN/telephone/TV/CCTV · ELE-033 speaker) — matching the totals in the BOQ · Take-off by code on the electrical tab draws according to the code type: cable (cable cross-section) · conduit (supports every ≤ 3.00 m · fill ≤ 40%) · cable tray/wireway/busbar (threaded-rod hangers) · underground conduit (trench, warning tape, depth ≥ 0.60) · MDB/DB panels (panel front elevation + single-line diagram) · transformer/generator/UPS/EV charger (elevation + installation area) · ground rod pit (≥ 2.40 m · ≤ 5 Ω) · systems (diagram) · point devices (symbol by type)

Sanitary drawings — fixture plan · mounting-height elevation · floor section

The sanitary fixtures per room table has a drawing for each row (click the row or the 📐 button) — the same frame as the other drawings · fixture plan symbols follow construction drawing convention (ISO 4067 / ASME Y32.4) · trap sizes and pipe slopes follow IPC 2021 · room size comes from the room/area table with the same name or a name that begins it (e.g. “Restroom Floor 1” is used for “Restroom Floor 1 Men”) — not found = approximate positions (this also applies to electrical points per room)

Below the drawing is the count of each type with its code (SAN-016 water closet · 017 lavatory · 018 urinal · 019 shower · 020 bidet sprayer · 021 sink · 022 floor drain · 023 hose bib · 031 water heater · 032 bathroom accessories · 013/014 valves), matching the BOQ totals, plus typical trap sizes · Take-off by code on the sanitary tab draws according to the code type: water supply pipe (pipe section + clamp · pressure test at 1.5 times) · hot-water pipe (insulated) · waste/soil/storm pipe (slope 1:100–1:50 · supports every ≤ 1.20 m) · vent pipe · above-ground water tank · underground tank/septic tank/grease trap (inlet-outlet pipes, inspection cover) · manhole · pump set (check valve + water distribution diagram) · systems (flow diagram) · fixtures (plan symbol · accessible design per the Ministerial Regulation B.E. 2548)

Air-conditioning drawings — FCU/CDU plan · through-wall section

The air conditioners per room table has a drawing for each row (click the row or the 📐 button) — the same frame as the other drawings · references the EIT air-conditioning and ventilation standard · ASHRAE 15 (refrigerant safety) · clearances per the manufacturer · room size from the room/area table with the same name or a name that begins it — not found = a square room derived from the area (dimension lines start with ≈) · the formulas for unit count and extra piping are unchanged

Take-off by code on the air-conditioning tab draws according to the code type: refrigerant pipe/VRF pipe + Refnet (section of the insulated pipe pair on a hanger · nitrogen test and vacuum) · A/C condensate drain (slope ≥ 1:100) · chilled-water supply and return pipe (insulation + vapor barrier) · galvanized steel duct (duct plan + diffusers · section of the insulated duct on a trapeze · SMACNA hangers every ≤ 2.40 m) · flexible duct · wall-mounted/ceiling-suspended/4-way cassette/floor-standing units/AHU/FCU (room plan + mounting-height section) · exhaust fans/ceiling fans/jet fans · air diffusers/VAV · CDU brackets and bases · chilled-water/VRF/kitchen/ERV/DDC systems (flow diagram + maintenance clearances) · stair pressurization/smoke exhaust systems (shaft riser · NFPA 92)

Fire protection drawings — spacing plan · standard wall elevation · valve set/pump room section

The Fire protection tab is a take-off by code — choose a FIR code and the drawing changes with the equipment type; every drawing uses the same frame as the other drawings · references Ministerial Regulations No. 33 / 39 / 47 / 55 · the EIT fire protection standard · NFPA 10 / 13 / 14 / 20 / 72 / 2001 · the standard wall elevation is shared by all wall-mounted devices: exit door + EXIT sign · manual pull station · bell · FHC cabinet · fire extinguisher · FCP panel · ceiling detectors — red = the code's item with its mounting height · gray = other devices for relative position

Built-in furniture drawings — cabinet front elevation · side section

The built-in furniture table has a drawing for each row (click the row or the 📐 button) — the same frame as the other drawings · typical dimensions per Neufert Architects' Data and hardware manufacturers (adjust to the actual drawings) · door/top colors follow the chosen surface material · prices and formulas are unchanged

Take-off by code on the built-in tab: carcass codes (BLT-001–014 · 101 · 102) use the same drawing as the table (length = length field · height = width/height field) · door finishes BLT-015–019 = door elevation + material layer section · BLT-020 drawer slides (drawer section + full-extension slide) · BLT-021 Ø 35 mm cup hinges (number by door height) · BLT-022 cabinet fittings · BLT-023 under-cabinet LED lighting · BLT-024 handles (position + fixing hole spacing)

External works drawings — plan · pavement structure/trench section · elevation

The External works tab is a take-off by code — choose an EXT code and the drawing changes with the work type · the plan uses the size from the length × width fields (blank = sample size, dimensions start with ≈) · the thickness/depth field is used as the average depth/height of earthwork · references DOH/DRR road standards · DPT · TIS 128 · the Ministerial Regulation on parking · EN 1176/1177 · section labels are arranged automatically without overlapping

Preliminaries drawings — construction site layout · item-specific elevation/section

The Preliminaries tab is a take-off by code — choose a PRE code and the drawing changes with the item · references the Ministerial Regulation on construction work safety · government project sign requirements · ASTM D1586 (SPT) · ISO 7010 (safety signs)

Other works drawings — demolition · elevators · gas · special systems · furniture · provisional sums

The Other works tab is a take-off by code — the drawing changes with the code's category · the code's item is highlighted in red · references EN 81-20/50 (elevators) · EN 115 (escalators) · NFPA 54/58/99 · HTM 02-01 (medical gases) · ISO 14644 (cleanrooms) · OAP notifications (radiation shielding) · environmental law (asbestos/hazardous waste)

Take-off by code — the table at the end of every tab

Most items in the price database (fire protection, external works, preliminaries, elevators, demolition, roadway, bridges, irrigation, etc.) have no dedicated table — previously their totals had to be entered as a lump sum in BOQ by system · now every tab has a "Take-off by code" table at the end so every item can be taken off row by row with its location and dimensions (1,169 codes — except pipe fittings % and insurance %, which the program calculates for you)

1. Choose the sub-category (the field before the code)

   Each tab has dozens to hundreds of codes (existing codes + new codes under the 3-level work breakdown), so they are grouped by the sub-category on the WBS page, e.g. electrical: ELE.01 high voltage/transformers · ELE.02 main switchboards/distribution boards · ELE.03 feeders/conduits · ELE.04 lighting and outlets … · the number of items is shown under each category name · once a category is chosen, the code dropdown shows only that category · All categories = shows everything with category headers separating the groups (dot color by category) · choosing a code switches the category to match automatically · changing the category of a row that already has a code = clears the code so you can choose again within the category · you can assign codes to categories yourself on the WBS page and the dropdown groups follow

2. Choose the item code

   Options are limited to that tab's categories, sorted by sub-category; you can search by code, name or category name; the unit and the fields to fill are shown under the name · if it is not in the list, type the name yourself (you can add the unit at the end of the name, e.g. Photoluminescent exit sign / set)

3. Enter the quantity and dimensions according to the code's unit

   m = quantity × length · m² = quantity × length × width · m³ = quantity × length × width × thickness · other units (set, point, each, kg, job) = quantity · a negative quantity = deduction · fields not used by that unit are ignored

4. See the drawing and formula below the table

   The drawing changes with the unit (linear · sheet · block · counting grid) along with the row's formula

Elevation · section of the row being entered

Below every take-off table that has dimensions (structure · rebar schedule · structural steel · fixings · rooms · doors and windows · masonry walls by line · metal sheet · stair finishes · ceilings · built-in · air conditioning · road segments · bridge elements · canals · irrigation structures) there is an elevation · section panel drawn from the actual values in the row — orange dimension lines show which field is which dimension on the drawing, together with the numbers entered

• Click anywhere on a row = show/hide the drawing — the row's drawing opens below the row (with an orange bar on the left · under the row number ▸ means closed / ▾ means open); click the same row again to close it · clicking a number input only opens the drawing and never closes it while you type · buttons and dropdowns in the row (type, material, copy, delete) do not open or close the drawing
• The drawing appears right below the selected row — you can look at it while entering numbers even in a table with dozens of rows, without scrolling to the end of the table · the clicked row stays where it was on screen · when the table scrolls horizontally the drawing stays in place
• The 📐 button at the end of the row (next to the copy button) — opens that row's drawing · press it again on the same row to hide it · or press ‹ › in the drawing panel to move one row at a time
• Beside the drawing is the meaning of each field and the formula the program uses to calculate that row's quantity, e.g. concrete = 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.5 × 15 = 16.88 m³
• For RC elements the drawing changes with the type — footings show a plan + section (excavation margin 0.30 m each side, sand and lean concrete at the bottom of the pit) · columns show a cross-section + elevation · beams show a section + elevation · box culverts show the inner opening, wall thickness and excavation depth
• Drawings follow drafting conventions — shared by all building elements (5 footing types · columns · beams · slabs · walls · stairs · piles · precast)
  • Section cut lines on the plan A-A · B-B are chain lines with thick ends, arrows showing the viewing direction and letters at both ends matching the section titles
  • Center lines (CL) on symmetrical cross-sections — column cross-section (two axes) · beam section · column on footing · pile cross-section
  • Longitudinal bars arranged symmetrically — added bars go on opposite faces in pairs (e.g. 12 bars = 4 per face) · crossties engage the actual middle bars of each face, every other bar counted from the corner, with a 135° hook at one end and 90° at the other, alternating ends bar by bar (ACI 25.7.2.3)
  • Leaders are bent lines with a horizontal shoulder before the text, pointing to the part of the bar nearest the label · labels never overlap and leaders never cross · close level markers in elevations shift their text so it stays readable
  • The bar size label at the top right wraps to two lines instead of being cut off with “…”
• Excavation margin (m) — the column after dig depth in the structure, bridge element and irrigation structure tables: working space around the footing on each side; blank = default 0.30 m (the field shows 0.30 in faded text · label "each side · default") · enter 0 = excavate tight to the footing · enter another value to suit the site, e.g. 0.50 when formwork or dewatering is needed · excavation, sand bedding, lean concrete and backfill are calculated from (width + 2 × margin) × (length + 2 × margin) · box culverts: trench width = culvert + 2 × margin · for other row types (columns, beams, slabs, piles …) the dig depth/margin fields are gray "not used" · the plan drawing and the excavation formula below it update immediately with the value entered
• Rebar as drawn — rows for footings, columns, beams, slabs, walls and stairs (and bridge/irrigation elements) get automatically suggested rebar based on the element size, drawn on the plan and the elevation/section with a size label at the top right of the drawing · colors by bar type: main reinforcement · additional reinforcement · stirrups/ties · perimeter bars

  Element	Fields entered (size + number/spacing)	Length calculated (per DPT 1103-64 manual)
  Footing	Bottom mat 2 ways @ · top mat 2 ways @ (enabled automatically when the footing is ≥ 0.80 m thick or a side is ≥ 3.00 m) · perimeter bars … rounds · column dowels … bars (default “None” = counted with the column longitudinal bars)	Bottom: width − 2·cover + bent up at both ends · top: + 12db hook · perimeter: footing perimeter + lap · dowels: embedded down to the bottom mat + 12db hook + lap up into the column
  Column · pedestal	Longitudinal bars … bars · additional longitudinal bars … bars · ties @ · crossties … legs/set (enabled automatically when there are ≥ 4 bars per face)	Longitudinal: height + lap by grade · ties: around the section (to the outside of the tie) + 135° hooks 2 × max(6db, 75 mm) · crossties: inside width of the tie + hooks at both ends × number of tie sets
  Beam · pier cap	Continuous bottom bars … bars · continuous top bars … bars · top bars at supports … bars/side · additional bottom bars at midspan … bars (length 0.75L, cut off L/8 from the supports) · skin bars … bars/side (required when the beam is deeper than > 900 mm) · end-zone stirrups (L/4 both ends) @ · middle-zone stirrups (L/2) @	Top/bottom: span + 90° hook (12db) into the columns at both ends · at supports: 2 sides × (L/4 + hook) · stirrups: first one 50 mm from the column face, end and middle zones separate
  Slab	Bottom short direction @ · bottom long direction @ · top bars over supports @ (“None” = not counted) · top mat at mid-panel @ (flat slab = top bars in the middle strip 0.22ℓn, enabled automatically)	Bottom: span + embedment into supports 2 × 0.10 (RB: 180° hook) · top: around the edges, extending 0.30 of the short span + 12db hook (one-way slabs count the long edges only)
  RC wall	Vertical @ · horizontal @ (per layer) · wall end U-bars @ · number of layers chosen in the supporting data	Vertical: height + lap · horizontal: length − 2·cover + 12db hooks at both ends · U-bars: 2 ends × (inside wall width + lap with the horizontal bars on 2 sides)
  Stair	Bottom along the slope @ · transverse distribution @ · top bars at supports @ · nosing bars … bars/step	Main: slope (horizontal run × 1.2) + embedment 2 × 0.30 · top: 2 ends × (slope/4 + hook) · nosing: number of steps × (width + hook)

  The supporting data (top bar of the panel) affects the length of every field — deformed bar grade SD30 / SD40 (default) / SD50 → lap length 30db / 36db / 45db (RB = SR24 40db + hook) · field numbers ①②③ — each field in the panel has a circled number in the same color as its bar line, and the labels on the elevation/section start with the same number (e.g. “add. bottom ④ 2-DB20”) so you can look at the drawing and fill in that numbered field right away · fields still set to “None” have faded numbers · the element configuration can also be chosen on the top bar of the panel (the same value as the configuration column) — field names, lengths and the drawing update immediately · the new optional fields (additional bottom bars · skin bars · top mat · wall end U-bars · nosing bars) default to “None”, so existing rows do not change — enable them when the drawings call for them · cover blank = per the DPT 1101-64 manual (the value and its source are shown under the field); you can enter your own — less than the manual shows ⚠ · stock bar length 10 / 12 m — bars longer than the stock length get extra laps automatically · walls have bar layers 1 / 2 · each field has an Enter: line saying what to enter (number of bars/spacing/rounds) and a ✓/⚠ line comparing it with the manual's criteria for that field as soon as you edit it · beam rows edited before top and bottom were split (single field “top 2 + bottom”) are converted automatically to bottom = original number − 2 · top = 2 · you can change them yourself in the rebar as drawn panel below the dimension list beside the drawing: choose the size (RB6–DB32 or None) and enter the number of bars / spacing / number of rounds — the drawing and weight update immediately · rows not yet edited are calculated in the BOQ as concrete volume × kg/m³ as before (label "auto-suggested") · edit any field and that row's BOQ calculates the weight from the rebar as drawn, split into codes by actual size (RB6 → STR-009 … DB25–DB32 → STR-015 · bridges/irrigation split DB/RB); the label changes to "BOQ uses rebar as drawn" · press Restore auto to go back to kg/m³ · if the building's rebar method is set to Manual · bar list, the values in this panel do not go into the BOQ (the panel says so)
• Reinforcement details per the DPT 1103-64 / DPT 1101-64 / EIT 1008 / ACI 318-19 manuals — rebar elevations and sections are drawn following the figures in the manuals, and below the drawing are the row's cover, standard hooks and lap lengths, together with check results against the criteria (✓ pass · ⚠ should check/fix) based on the row's element size and rebar

  Element	Drawing (per the manual figures)	Criteria checks
  Beam	Closed stirrups with 135° hooks · cover to the stirrup face · top bars with 90° hooks into the columns · bottom bars embedded into the supports · first stirrup ≤ 50 mm · splice locations: top = midspan · bottom = support to L/5 (Figures 7-1, 8-1)	Stirrups ≤ d/2 and ≤ 600 mm · top/bottom ≥ 2 bars · beam width enough for a single layer of bars · beams deeper than > 900 mm require skin reinforcement
  Column	Ties with 135° hooks · crossties when there are ≥ 4 bars per face or the middle bars are more than 150 mm apart · lap splices above the floor · offset bends ≤ 1:6 · first tie ≤ s/2 (Figure 10-1)	ρ 1–8% · ≥ 4 bars · ties ≤ min(16db, 48dt, least dimension) · ties ≥ 10 mm (RB9 to be confirmed by the designer)
  Footing	Cover 75 mm · column dowels with 90° hooks resting on the bottom mat · column ties within the footing (Figure 11-1)	0.0018Ag · spacing ≤ min(3h, 450) · depth above the bottom bars ≥ 150 mm (pile footing ≥ 300)
  Slab	Two-way slab plan (long/short ≤ 2) divided into the column strip 0.25·min(l1, l2) and the middle strip (Figure 9-1) · the section shows top bars over the supports (per the drawings — not part of the row's rebar fields)	0.0018Ag in both directions · main bars ≤ min(3h, 450) · long direction/shrinkage bars ≤ min(5h, 450)
  Wall · retaining wall	The retaining wall is drawn as a cantilever wall: main bars on the soil face bent into the base · top bars in the heel · bottom bars in the toe · backfill (Figure 12-1)	ρℓ ≥ 0.0015 · ρt ≥ 0.0025 (fy < 420) · ≤ min(3h, 450) · thicker than > 250 mm requires 2 layers
  Stair	Symmetrical drawing: lower landing · flight · upper landing of equal length, resting on support beams · constant waist thickness throughout · crossed bars at the inside corners for both the top bars (top face at the lower landing) and the bottom bars (soffit at the upper landing), extending past the corner ≥ ld (Figure 13-1 b) · distribution bars · the plan shows the main/distribution bars and the number of steps	0.0018Ag · main bars ≤ min(3h, 450) · distribution bars ≤ min(5h, 450)

  Drawings are symmetrical, following standard details — footings fill the section view with the pedestal, excavation margin and sand/lean concrete layers · columns between the beams/slabs below and above (lap above the floor, offset bend in the beam, ties through the joint) · single-span beams between two columns showing the stirrup zones L/4 – L/2 – L/4 · continuous slabs over two beams, top bars extending 0.30 L, and a plan of representative bar strips with symbols (one-way slabs show top bars on the long edges only) · walls on footings with hooked dowels, lap zones and hooks into the slab above · stairs with landings at both ends · cover per DPT 1101-64 Table 13 and the fire-resistance criteria of Table 16: footings cast against soil 75 · beams 30 (width ≥ 300 mm → 40) · columns 35 (least dimension ≥ 300 mm → 40) · interior slabs, walls and stairs 20 · in contact with soil/exposed to weather (pedestals, pier caps, bridge decks, retaining walls, irrigation structures) 50 (db > 16) / 40 mm · lap length DPT 1103-64 clause 5.5.4.1: SR24 40db + hook · SD30 30db · SD40 36db · SD50 45db · hooks longitudinal bars 90° extending 12db · ties 135° extending ≥ 6db and ≥ 75 mm · grade assumed from the size name (RB = SR24 · DB = SD40)
  ⚠ The checks are an aid and do not replace design Drawings signed by the design engineer take precedence over the manual values · rebar lengths as drawn are calculated with the same criteria (cover, laps, hooks, splices by stock length) — so the BOQ totals of rows with edited rebar match the drawing
• Rebar as drawn is sent to the rebar cutting plan (Bar-Cut List) automatically — when there is no bar bending schedule (BBS) yet and the rebar schedule table is empty, the Bar-cut plan page uses the “rebar as drawn of RC elements” from every row (building, bridge, irrigation) automatically (label Auto) · converted into BBS rows by actual shape: footing mats = U shape (21) split into two directions · stirrups/perimeter bars (beams: end zone + middle zone) = closed stirrups with 135° hooks (51) · continuous top/bottom beam bars = U shape with 12db hooks into the columns · column dowels = L shape (11) · longitudinal bars, slab mats, walls and stairs = straight bars (00) — bar marks use the element name in the row, e.g. F1-1, C1-2 · edit the size/number/spacing in the rebar-as-drawn panel and the cutting plan recalculates immediately (cutting length calculated from the shape, hooks, bend radii and laps of the chosen standard) · you can choose the source yourself under “Pieces to plan” · to define shapes or hooks yourself, press Copy to cut schedule · press Send to building BOQ to send only the building's rebar (bridge/irrigation rebar is already counted in its own category and is not sent twice)
• Piles are drawn by the type chosen in the material / grade field (15 types) — the cross-section and the in-soil elevation show the actual shape of that type: driven precast I-section (side grooves) · solid square · hollow hexagonal · spun pile (hollow, prestressing wire, welded joint) · micropile (short segments joined) · dry bored / wet bored (temporary steel casing, rebar cage) · CFA · barrette (rectangular panel) · steel H-pile · steel pipe (open end) · sheet pile (plan of interlocking joints) · soil-cement · jet grout · timber pile (pile head below the groundwater level) — below the drawing are the construction method and codes that can be added, e.g. welded joint STR-205 · no material chosen = I-section, default I-22
• Rebar schedule bars are drawn by type — DB deformed bars show longitudinal ribs and transverse lugs in both the elevation and the cross-section · RB round bars are smooth with hooked ends · thickness in the enlarged view and cross-section scales with the actual Ø (comparable between sizes) · below the drawing are the TIS standard, grade, weight in kg/m, cross-sectional area and the row's total weight
• Associated items unticked in the Auto-calculated column also disappear from the drawing, e.g. untick the metal sheet flashing/trim and the orange flashing line disappears
• Dimensions that are very small compared with the element size (5 cm sand layer · slab thickness · pavement layers) are enlarged to be visible, and the drawing is marked not to scale · the numbers on the drawing are always the actual values
• Press Hide drawing to collapse that table's panel; the browser remembers it (open it again with the 📐 button at the end of the row) · tables with no rows yet show the drawing of a default row as an example below the table

Preview & print A4/A3 — quantity take-off sheets with drawings

The Building · Roadway · Bridge / box culvert · Irrigation pages have a Preview & print A4/A3 button at the top right (next to the summary figures) — giving you a booklet you can hand to the client, the checker or the site crew right away

• What is printed — every row of the tables on the open page · the Building page prints the selected sub-tab (Structure · Architecture · Electrical …); if the By WBS or By floor tab is open, which has no tables, all tabs are printed
• One block per row, in this order:
  1. Element name/location and every field entered (price codes printed with the item name · associated auto items ✓ counted / ✗ unticked)
  2. The row's results, e.g. concrete, formwork, rebar, excavation
  3. Elevation · section · plan — the same drawing as the panel below the row (drawn from the row's actual values) at full paper width
  4. Meaning of the dimensions (dimension 1 · 2 · 3 · dig depth · excavation margin) and the formula used, with the standard's check criteria
• Grouped by table (blue header bar showing the number of rows) · at the end of the booklet is a table of lump-sum values / category parameters (only those with values) · header and signature boxes are the same as in the other booklets
• Choose the paper A4 portrait · A4 landscape · A3 portrait · A3 landscape on the preview bar · a block is never split across pages · press Print / save PDF

Add rows · type your own items · untick auto-calculated work

Every take-off table still has + Add row as before, and two things have been added

• Price code fields cover every sub-category — floor code · ceiling code · wall code (room table) · door/window code · wall type and wall finish (wall line table) · sheet, insulation, facing (metal sheet table) have codes for every sub-category ARC.01–ARC.12 of the new work breakdown, e.g. solid wood flooring, rubber/SPC flooring, carpet, metal ceilings, acoustic ceilings, glass walls, rolling doors, automatic doors, standing seam roofs · codes without a price yet are labeled no price set · floors and ceilings can be set to None (rooms with no ceiling)
• Type your own items — type a name in the search box of the code field, then press Use this value to get a custom item with code OWN-001 … and a unit according to the field (floor/ceiling/wall = m² · door = set, except names containing window/glass/rolling = m²) you can add your own unit at the end of the name, e.g. Glass railing / m · the price starts at 0; enter it in BOQ by system or on the Price database page → Custom items · custom items count only their own quantity and do not bring along plastering, painting or stiffener columns · the + Add item field in the BOQ and on the WBS page also accepts items outside the price database (on the WBS page you must choose a sub-category first)
• The “Auto-calculated” column — work that the program calculates along with the row is shown as ✓ tags; press one to make it ✕ = not counted for that row only; press again to count it · if you do not want it calculated automatically but still need the item, untick it and enter the quantity yourself in BOQ by system → + Add item · every existing row is all ✓, so existing project totals do not move

The electrical point, sanitary fixture and built-in tables are already entered as direct quantities; cables, pipes and values calculated from parameters can be overridden in manual entries below the table (dashed fields = auto values)

Built-in furniture tab

Cabinet and counter work fixed to the building — kitchen cabinets, wardrobes, vanity counters, shelving, headboards, decorative walls entered set by set, with the room or location · it is a category of construction work, not purchased equipment, so it flows into PR.1 (A) as its own work category, not PR.2 (A)

Surface materials are priced as a difference

The base price of every type is a melamine finish; if you choose another finish (laminate · real wood veneer · high-gloss acrylic · PVC/PET wrap · aluminium-framed glass doors) the system adds one more line to the BOQ as a difference, calculated by door face area, without changing the price of the cabinet itself

This is done so that when you open the BOQ you can see immediately how much choosing veneer instead of melamine moves the price, clearly separated from the cabinet cost — when the owner asks to cut the budget, you can point straight to which line to remove and how much it saves, while the cabinet quantity stays the same

Rebar cutting plan (Bar-Cut List)

The Bar-cut plan menu in the take-off group does two jobs in sequence — a Bar Bending Schedule that calculates the cutting length of each bar mark from its shape, hooks and standard bend radii, and then a cutting plan that works out which pieces each 10 or 12 m stock bar should be cut into, so you buy the least steel and throw away the least scrap; it gives the number of bars to order, the weight and a cut sheet for the crew

1. Choose the standard and the bar length

   The Cutting and bending settings card — standard EIT 011008 / ACI 318-19 (default, commonly used in Thailand) or BS 8666:2020 / EN 1992-1-1 · for the stock bar length press the chip 10 m 12 m or 10 + 12 m, or type your own separated by commas (TIS 24-2559 specifies standard lengths of 10 and 12 m)

2. Fill in the cut schedule

   Press + Add row and enter the bar mark, element, size, shape, dimensions A B C (meters, measured out-to-out per the drawings), end hooks, number of elements and number of bars per element · or press Load example to see a 2-storey house + bored piles (replaces the cut schedule of the open project) · or Pull from rebar schedule entered on the Building page, then change the shapes to match the drawings · when you choose an RB size the system adds 180° hooks at both ends automatically, because smooth bars must have hooked ends

3. Read the cutting plan

   Choose a bar size tab — each strip is one stock bar, drawn to its true proportional length; the colored blocks are the pieces cut (point to one to see its bar mark) orange hatching is an offcut long enough to keep for later use, gray hatching is scrap · the × number is how many bars are cut with the same pattern

4. Print the cut sheet or send it to the BOQ

   Preview & print cut sheet gives an A4 landscape sheet with both the cut schedule and the cutting patterns for every size, plus a bending shape for every row (see Cut sheets for the site crew) · Export CSV opens in Excel · Send to building BOQ sends every row into the rebar schedule table (lengths already include laps; sending again replaces the previous set rather than stacking) and switches the rebar method to manual for you (see Rebar calculation method) · one send is enough — after that, whenever you edit the cut schedule (add, delete, change quantities, or rebar rows from the PDF drawing change), the rebar schedule table and the BOQ update immediately

Automatic cutting plan from the rebar schedule table

Enter rebar in the Rebar schedule tab of the Building page, and below the table there is a Rebar cutting plan · Bar-Cut List card that recalculates every time the table is edited, just like the structural steel cutting plan

• Each row of the table is a bar piece — quantity = elements × bars/element · the length in the table is taken as the cutting length (hooks included), rounded up per the settings · marks R1, R2 … are rows 1, 2 …
• Bars longer than the stock bar (e.g. 13 m bored pile longitudinal bars · 29.1 m perimeter bars) are lap-spliced automatically using the lap length in the settings, and the number of lap splices is shown
• The card shows the stock bars to order · the order weight compared with what the BOQ calculated (table + wastage allowance — the figure turns red when the actual order is larger, mostly because of laps) · scrap % · savings compared with unplanned cutting · a table by size, and the cutting patterns for the selected size
• The stock bar length 10 / 12 / 10 + 12 m · lap length · kerf · minimum offcut length to keep can all be set in the card — they are the same settings as on the Bar-cut plan page
• The Bar-cut plan page uses this table automatically when that page's cut schedule (BBS) is still empty (labeled Auto) — if you want hooks and bend radii calculated from the shapes, press Pull from rebar schedule and then edit the shapes in the cut schedule, or choose the source yourself under Pieces to plan for cutting
• The BOQ still calculates the weight as table × (1 + wastage allowance) as before — the cutting plan is ordering information and a cut sheet for the crew; it does not change the price

Cut sheets for the site crew — bending shapes and cut position strips

The cut sheet printed from Preview & print cut sheet is designed so the crew can take it to the bar cutting and bending bench and follow it right away. It has two parts

Every shape in the program can be drawn — straight bar · single 90° bend (L) · double 90° bend (U) · crank bar · closed stirrup · circular tie · spiral · user-defined length · spirals use the symbols ⌀ = outside diameter · p = pitch · n = number of turns

Cutting plan examples in all 5 sample projects

Every sample project has a bar bending schedule for actual elements of that job, plus offcuts already on site to try out · open a sample project from All projects, then go to Bar-cut plan; at the top there is a How to explore this sample project card telling you what that sample demonstrates and the steps to try one by one (you can press Hide tips)

Supported shapes

Codes follow BS 8666 / ISO 3766 where they match · R = D/2 + d/2 is the centerline radius · δ90 = 2(D/2 + d) − (π/2)R is the deduction at a bend · e is the straight extension after the hook · lengths are calculated along the bar centerline from the actual geometry, differing from the simplified formulas in BS 8666 by no more than about 1.5 mm per bend, then rounded up to every 10 mm (selectable)

Standard values used

How the cutting is planned, and how far you can trust it

This is a one-dimensional cutting stock (1D cutting stock) problem; the system tries several methods and chooses the one with the shortest total length of steel bought — column generation by Gilmore & Gomory (solves a linear program to find the best cutting patterns, then rounds to whole bars) · SHP (picks the pattern with the least scrap and repeats it) · FFD / BFD (places the longest pieces first) · the pieces in each bar never exceed the bar length and every piece must be cut exactly, no fewer and no more

Every size has a theoretical lower bound — the smallest possible number of bars (or length, when several lengths are enabled); if the plan equals the lower bound the card shows This plan is optimal · it is also compared with unplanned cutting (cutting one piece size until the bar runs out, then discarding the remainder) to show how many kilograms and baht planning saves, using material prices from the project's price database

6Material and grade catalog

The Material / grade field in the structural tables is more than a text label — once you pick one, the system takes that material's price, averages it weighted by quantity, and writes the result back as the unit price of the code in the price database

What you can choose from

7Roadway, bridge and irrigation works

These three menus work like the building pages: fill in the table and read the results in the gray-shaded columns — but each uses its own set of formulas

Roadway

Enter the start–end chainage (km), carriageway width, shoulders, embankment side slope and pavement layer thicknesses. The system calculates the total length, carriageway area, pavement layer volumes, embankment fill and cut

Road types to Thai and international standards

In the Standard / road class column, pick a type and the system sets the width, surface type, pavement layer types and thicknesses, shoulders, curbs and median for you (every field remains editable · defaults are approximate — check them against the project drawings) · The cross-section is drawn to match the chosen type (surface colored by type · shoulders · median · curb/sidewalk · gutter/drain pipe) · Below the drawing, the extra items for that type are listed with quantities · Existing rows (AC/PCC surface, default layer types) compute exactly the same numbers as the previous version

Each road segment has 3 consistent views — the cross-section, symmetric about the CL with carriageway crossfall (asphalt/concrete 2% · unpaved 4%) · the plan, a 40 m sample strip showing traffic lanes according to width (≈ 3.5 m/lane), pavement markings (yellow centerline: dashed = overtaking allowed · double solid = 4 lanes without median · white dashed lane lines · white solid edge lines), keep-left traffic arrows · shoulders · median/barrier · curb + sidewalk · ditch/drainage channel · manholes · guardrail · cross culverts · and the longitudinal profile, with existing ground and finished road level (fill or cut over the whole segment), pavement layers, Sta. markers in km+m and cross culverts · Concrete pavements with dowel bars get an extra joint-detail strip at the end

Bridge / box culvert

Uses bridge-specific element types — bridge footing · pier/bridge column · pier cap · bridge deck · wing wall · box culvert

Bridge and box culvert types to Thai and international standards

The bridge page has 2 tables — Bridge spans · superstructure type (one row = one bridge, or a set of identical spans) and RC bridge elements (footings, piers, pier caps, walls, box culverts). Choose a Bridge type and the system fills in the span length, width, girder spacing, deck thickness, bearings, expansion joints and railings from the standard design (still editable), then computes the girders/precast planks, cast-in-place deck, diaphragms, formwork, falsework, rebar, prestressing strand, bearings, joints, railings, sidewalks, deck drains, waterproofing and AC wearing surface for you. Once span rows exist, the girder, bearing, joint, railing, sidewalk, drain, waterproofing and AC surface items from the bridge's overall input fields (length/width/number of spans/girders) are not counted again · Do not enter the bridge deck or girders again in the element table

Drafting conventions for bridges and box culverts — the bridge cross-section is Section A-A, taken at mid-span of the first span in the plan, with the centerline CL and a 2% carriageway crossfall to both sides · the longitudinal elevation shows the high water level (HWL ▽) · Box culverts have 3 views: Section A-A (transverse, with CL and ▽) · a plan symmetric on both sides (headwalls, wing walls flared at 45°, scour-protection apron, road over the culvert, cut lines A-A and B-B) · Section B-B along the flow (culvert under the embankment, headwalls, apron + cutoff walls at both ends) · piers and cantilevered pier caps show their centerlines

The Configuration field of the bridge element table (options depend on the type · nothing selected = computed the original way):

Each bridge span has 3 consistent views — the cross-section, symmetric about the centerline, drawn by type (slab · I-girder · box · U · steel girder · truss · box girder) with railings/barriers, sidewalks, AC surface, bearings and girder spacing · the plan, with girder lines, support lines A1–P–A2, expansion joints (orange) and deck drains · and the longitudinal elevation, with abutments on the embankment, intermediate piers, footings, piles, the watercourse, bearings, each span length and the total length (balanced cantilevers show the deep soffit at the piers · trusses are shown above the deck). Elements with a configuration selected are drawn in that configuration (e.g. 3-cell box culvert · hollow pier · tapered pier cap · sloped wing wall) — the rebar detail from the manual can still be chosen in the detail field

Irrigation

Canals use a trapezoidal section: enter the bottom width, depth and side slope. For concrete-lined canals the system adds a standard 0.30 m freeboard · Irrigation structures are entered as walls and slabs, just like building works

Canal and irrigation structure types to Thai and international standards

The irrigation page has 3 tables — Canals by km segment · Irrigation structures by type (computed from the main dimensions) · RC irrigation structures (element take-off per drawings). Pick a value in the Standard / canal class field and the system fills in the canal type, bottom width, depth, slope, lining thickness, bank size and bank-road surface (still editable) · Existing rows (concrete-lined / earth canal) compute exactly the same numbers as the previous version

Each canal segment has 3 consistent views — the section, by canal/lining/flume/pipe type · the plan, a 40 m sample strip showing canal banks, the bank road, canal slopes, lining colored by type, lining joints @3 m, weep holes, vetiver grass, elevated-flume piers, pipe alignment with air-release valves, and flow direction · and the longitudinal profile, with existing ground, bank top, canal bed sloped per design, design water level, lining/pipe alignment and Sta. markers in km+m — concrete-lined canals and rectangular flumes get an extra lining-rebar strip at the end

Irrigation structures by type — pick a type and the system fills in the bay width B · number of bays/pipes/units · height H · length along the flow Ls · thickness t and gate type, then computes the concrete (floor, side walls, intermediate piers, wing walls, cutoff walls, walkway bridge, weir body), formwork, rebar, foundation excavation (IRR-113), backfill (119), lean concrete, gates + gate grooves (176) + hoists (178), trash racks (177), upstream/downstream riprap + geotextile, joint waterstops (135), railings/walkway bridge (031) and staff gauges (206):

Drafting conventions — every irrigation drawing is symmetric about the centerline (CL, dash-dot line) · water levels use the ▽ symbol · structure plans show cut line A-A along the flow (matching the section in the right-hand panel) · the canal section is centered in its frame, labeling the canal slope 1:z and bank slope 1:z2 on both sides, the bank widths on both sides, top width, bottom width and water depth

Structures have 3 views — the plan (flow direction left to right, walls, intermediate piers, wing walls, gates, walkway bridge, riprap) · the section along the flow (floor, cutoff walls, water levels, gate/weir body/rubber weir, drop steps, energy-dissipation blocks) · and the front elevation looking from upstream (bays with gates, hoists, railings, multiple pipe lines, pumps). Canal sections are drawn by lining type (in different colors and hatches), as are rectangular flumes, U-flumes, elevated flumes on piers, and pipe trenches with bedding sand

8Measuring quantities from PDF drawings and photos

The Drawings menu lets you attach drawings and measure on them directly — ideal when dimensions are not written on the drawing, or when shapes are not rectangular · It also works with site photos — see Take site photos and compute quantities · or let AI read the drawings and fill in the tables for you — see AI quantity take-off

1. Attach drawing files

   Press Attach drawing / photo and pick PDF or image files, several at a time · or press Take site photo to open the camera · PDF files and photos are stored on the device you attached them from and come back by themselves when you reopen the app · Drawings belong only to the project they were attached to — open another project or start a new one and you see only that project's drawings · removing a drawing from one project does not delete the same file attached to another project · Markups and measurements are saved with the project — see Drawings stored on your device

2. Calibrate the scale

   This step cannot be skipped — drag a line over a distance whose true length you know on the drawing; a card appears asking for the real length in meters. Type it or use the shortcut buttons 1 / 2 / 5 / 10 / 20; only then can the system convert pixels to distances · Each page is calibrated separately. Until a page is calibrated, its measurements show "Not calibrated"

3. Measure on the drawing

   Choose the length, area, volume or count tool · When you finish measuring, a card pops up so you can name the item in one step. It shows the measured value clearly, and you can enter a thickness on the same card — the area becomes a volume in m³ and the number updates as you type · For openings, turn on the deduct-mode switch before measuring; the card turns red to show you are deducting · You can type distances as in AutoCAD and lock straight lines with F8 — see Drawing and measuring tools · The count tool starts by choosing a work type on the card, then you click on the drawing to count one point at a time

4. Choose the destination on the same card

   In the Send to take-off list section at the bottom of the card — send it as a row in a take-off table (RC members · rooms · doors & windows · electrical points · fixings · steel, etc. — see Sending to the take-off list from the card) or link it to a BOQ code directly · The item-name dropdown also lists codes from the price database; pick one and the system links the item into the BOQ right away · You can type a name without choosing a destination and pick one later in the measurement table · Choose Don't send if you only want the measurement for reference

5. Check the result

   The green box at the bottom of the card shows the result before you press the button · Sent quantities go into the BOQ immediately · If you edit the measurement line or add counts later, the destination updates accordingly · If the unit does not match the type of measurement, the system shows a Unit mismatch tag so you can check first

Drawing and measuring tools — typed distances · ortho lock · panning · full screen

Deleting measurements · eraser · recovering lost quantities

• The eraser always asks for confirmation — when you finish dragging the eraser, a confirmation box lists what will be deleted (count points · measurement lines · markups) and the take-off quantities that will disappear if they have already been sent · Cancel = restore what was erased · Confirm = delete, and delete/adjust the quantities as listed, in one step
• Deleting measurement lines or count points that were already sent (eraser · clear page · undo/redo) — the system asks first; once you confirm, the rows sent to the tables are deleted too · Deleting some of the count points = the count in the row decreases; the row itself is not deleted
• Recalibrating a page does not lose quantities already sent · If quantities that were sent earlier went missing in a previous version, the Drawings page shows a bar “Found N items of quantities previously sent from drawings that have gone missing” — press it to restore them (the system looks in the saved data, the local backup and cloud versions · it restores only measurement lines that still exist and never overwrites what is currently sent)
• Continue counting on another page with the same name — the system adds a row for that page by itself · Tick Merge with points already counted on the card = add to the existing item instead of starting a new one

Take site photos and compute quantities (phone / iPad)

The Drawings page works with photos just like PDF drawings — ideal for site surveys: take a photo, measure it and see a rough price right away, and show the customer on the spot

1. Press Take site photo

   On phones and iPads the rear camera opens immediately (on a computer a file picker opens) · or press Attach drawing / photo to choose photos you have already taken (JPG · PNG · WebP), together with several PDF files

2. Calibrate against something of known size in the photo

   Press the scale icon, then drag over an object whose real size you know — e.g. an extended tape measure, a door leaf (0.80–0.90 m), a tile or a paving block — and enter its real length

3. Measure and choose the destination

   Every length, area and count tool works; then choose Send to as described in the next section — you can draw on the screen with your finger or a stylus

4. See a rough price and show the customer

   The Rough price from measurements card shows the direct cost and the total price including VAT as soon as a destination is linked · press Show customer in the page header (or Show customer (full screen)) to open a large-type summary page for the customer to view on screen

Sending to the take-off list from the card while measuring

The Count from drawing and Quantity from drawing (length · area) cards have a Send to take-off list section — choose a group (Building · Steel · Roadway · Bridge · Irrigation · BOQ code), then choose the table; the system adds a row to that table immediately with no need to go back and enter it on the Building page · The green box at the bottom of the card shows the result before you press the button, e.g. + 1 row in the room electrical-points table · 24 sockets

• Floor / zone — for projects with floors set up (Section 9) the card has a floor field for every destination. It guesses from the item name first (e.g. “2nd floor slab”); failing that, it uses the floor of the last row in that table · Structural steel and rebar sent from drawings can also carry a floor, which flows on to the bar-cut plan and the rebar schedule
• Remembers the last destination — the next time you measure the same kind of shape, the card opens with the destination and values you used last time, ready to send
• Structural steel — the section field searches all 451 sections, filters by type, and accepts the notation written on drawings (H350x350 · CHANNEL 150x75 · L-40x40x3) · The system guesses the section and “Used as” from the item name or the label on the drawing, and shows the weight, paint area, dimensions and standard of the selected section

Work-type chips (count card) — one press gives you the item name, destination and default values together — covering every table that can be counted: 106 chips in 10 categories (the category tabs at the top show the chip count · the card remembers the last category used): RC structure piles · footings · columns/piers · stairs → RC members · form chips set the type and the form together (the full drawing sheet follows that form straight away): tension piles · batter piles · slab-support piles · pile retaining walls · pile caps · strip footings · combined footings · mat foundations · round spiral columns · round hoop columns · pedestals · tie columns · sawtooth stairs · cantilever steps — the RC members destination has a Form field you can change in the card · Precast footings · columns · beams · slabs · walls · precast stairs → RC members (precast types) · Steel · fixings steel columns · steel beams · steel bracing → structural steel · steel trusses · house roof framing · PEB buildings · cellular beams → each work's own table · dowel bars → Bar-Cut · anchor bolts · connection bolts · wall plugs/anchor points → fixings · Timber · stainless steel · aluminium timber work · timber posts and beams · timber stairs · timber fences · stainless steel work · stainless steel guardrails · accessible grab bars · flagpoles · bollards · aluminium work · aluminium windows/doors · louvers · insect screens → that work's table with a default configuration · Electrical 14 point types (light fixtures · downlights · LED Panel · T8 · sockets · switches · A/C outlets · emergency lights · exit signs · CCTV · LAN · telephone · TV · speakers) → that field of the room electrical points · Sanitary 9 types (sanitary fixtures · washbasins · urinals · showers · bidet sprays · sinks · Floor drain · garden taps · water heaters) → room sanitary fixtures · Doors · windows · roofs doors · windows · sliding glass doors · fire doors · roller shutters · fanlights → doors & windows (code per chip) · stair finishes · roofs · roofing materials · truss roofs · Bridge bridge footings · piers · pier caps · Irrigation footings · columns · sluice gates · check structures · drop structures · road culverts · farm turnouts · siphons · overflow weirs · pumping stations · External · BOQ code manholes · drain manholes · electrical pull boxes · garden lights · street lights · trees · traffic signs · fire extinguishers · fire hydrants · septic tanks · water pumps · room name signs → links the matching price-database code directly · You can always change the destination on the card (including sending directly as a BOQ code, as before)

Every take-off table can now be sent to from the card, except the Rebar schedule, which uses the Bar-Cut destination instead (bars need a shape and a cut length)

Sending measurements to the BOQ · structural steel · rebar

The Measured items from drawings table has a Send to column — each measurement can have one destination. Once chosen, a settings bar appears under the row with the result straight away (e.g. = 37.50 m² or DB16 4 bars × 5.40 m · 34 kg) Whenever you edit the measurement line on the drawing, the destination updates immediately

Below the table, the Taking off each trade from drawings card summarizes what to measure for each work category, e.g. electrical work counts light fixtures, sockets and switches and measures the lengths of cable and conduit · sanitary work counts fixtures and measures pipe lengths · external works measure fence lengths and paved areas

AI quantity take-off

The AI quantity takeoff card at the top of the Drawings page lets AI read PDF drawings or images and take off quantities for every category in the drawings in one pass — building works · roadway · bridges and box culverts · irrigation and work with no supporting table (e.g. fire protection, external works) as BOQ items by code (see Take off every category in one pass) · Prices follow automatically from the price database, because the AI chooses element types, steel sections and codes directly from the price-database lists · Every row must pass through the review page before import · It uses Your AI (MCP) — Claude · ChatGPT · Gemini or any other AI you already use · The system remembers your choices on this device — AI provider (Claude / ChatGPT / Gemini / others) · ticked work groups — so a new page or another day starts with the same settings

Your AI (MCP) — connect once, use in every project

MCP (Model Context Protocol) is a common standard that many AI providers use to connect to external software · BOQ Studio exposes 4 tools your AI can call — boq_takeoff_guide (dimension definitions and options for every table) · list_boq_codes (all 1,616 BOQ codes in every category, including new codes under the work-category structure, searchable by category or keyword) · submit_boq_takeoff (submit take-off results) · list_boq_takeoffs (view submissions)

1. Create the connection link

   Your AI (MCP) tab → step 1, press Create AI connection link, then press Copy link · The system remembers the link in this device's browser for your account, so after opening a new page you can still copy it to add to another AI · Other devices cannot see the link (the database stores only a verification hash) · If you lose it or are on another device, press Create new link (the old link stops working immediately, and you must add the new link to your AI again)

2. Add the link to your AI

   Press a provider's name on the card to see that provider's steps — see the table below · Do it once; it works in every chat and every project

3. Attach the drawings in the AI's chat and give the instruction

   Shortcut: press AI quantity takeoff in step 3 — the system copies the instruction text and opens the chat for you (see The take-off-with-your-AI button) · or step 2 of the card has a ready-made instruction; press Copy text and paste it into the chat along with the drawing file · The AI reads BOQ Studio's guide, takes off the quantities, then tells you it has sent them to BOQ Studio (#item number)

4. Review and import

   Step 3 AI results waiting to import refreshes itself every 20 seconds (or press Refresh) · Press Review & import to open the same review page described below · Once imported, the item changes to Imported · If you don't need it or want to redo the take-off, press the trash-can button at the end of the item — see Deleting items from the inbox

The take-off-with-your-AI button — copy, open the chat, wait for results, in one click

Step 3 AI results waiting to import has a dark-blue AI quantity takeoff button next to Refresh · Your AI reads files in its own chat and a web page cannot hand files to it, so this button prepares everything else, leaving you only to attach the file

1. Press AI quantity takeoff

   The system copies the instruction text together with the file name (e.g. · Drawing file: F1_Foundation.pdf) and opens the chosen provider's chat in a new tab — Claude opens claude.ai/new · ChatGPT opens chatgpt.com · Gemini CLI / others only copy the text

2. In the chat, attach the file and paste the text

   Attach the same PDF file → paste the text with Ctrl + V (Mac: Cmd + V) → send · When the AI asks for permission to use the BOQ Studio tools, allow it

3. Wait for results — no need to press refresh

   The card shows a bar Waiting for results from Claude · file … with the elapsed time; the system checks the inbox every 5 seconds (for up to 10 minutes) · When results arrive it shows AI has sent results and opens the review page by itself · If you don't want to wait any longer, press Stop waiting (results arriving later still go into the inbox as usual)

Once connected, no setup again — when your AI uses the link for the first time, step 1 shows a green box ✓ Your AI is connected with the time the AI last used it, and the connection instructions fold away (press How to connect / add to another AI to view them) · The link keeps working in every chat and every project until you press Revoke link or Create new link · Your choices (AI provider, work groups) are also remembered on this device

Deleting items from the inbox — every item has a trash-can button at the end of its row. Pressing it opens a pop-up Are you sure you want to delete this item from the inbox? showing the file name, time, the AI that sent it, number of rows and status · Press Delete item and the item disappears from the inbox immediately; it cannot be recovered · Use it when the drawings have been revised and you will attach a new PDF for the AI to take off again, or when the AI got the take-off wrong and you don't want to keep it · Imported items can be deleted too — this deletes only the inbox record; rows already imported into the project remain. If you don't need them, delete them in the take-off tables, or import new results with Replace existing work (see The system asks before importing) · If you currently have that item open for review, the review page closes as well

Adding the connector in Claude, step by step

Works in both claude.ai and the Claude desktop app · Your Claude plan must allow adding custom connectors

1. Copy the link from BOQ Studio

   Drawings → AI quantity takeoff → Your AI (MCP) tab → press Create AI connection link → Copy link

2. Open Claude's Connectors page

   Click your account name at the bottom left → Settings → Connectors in the left menu → the + Add button at the top right → Add custom connector

3. Enter the name and link

   In the name field enter BOQ Studio · In the URL field paste the whole copied link (it starts with https://…supabase.co/functions/v1/boq-mcp/ and ends with cpmcp_ followed by a long string of characters)

4. Authentication: choose “No sign-in”

   Claude detects it for you (with a Detected tag) · Do not choose Sign in now or Sign in when needed · Do not press Add header and leave Advanced unchanged — the token is already in the link

5. Press Add

   BOQ Studio appears in the Connectors list · If a Reconnect button appears or it fails to connect, create a new link in BOQ Studio and add it again

6. Use it in a chat

   Open a new chat → press + or the tools menu next to the input box → turn on BOQ Studio → attach the drawing file → paste the instruction from step 2 of the card → send · If Claude asks for permission to use boq_takeoff_guide · list_boq_codes or submit_boq_takeoff, press Allow

7. Come back to BOQ Studio to review

   When Claude replies that it has sent the results to BOQ Studio (#item number), the item appears in AI results waiting to import within 20 seconds → press Review & import

Site AI — turned off

Since 14 October 2569 the AI card no longer has the Site AI tab, and the Drawings page header no longer has the AI quantity takeoff button — use Your AI (MCP), which has no web file-size limit, with AI costs following your own plan · If this tab was the saved choice on your device, the system switches it to Your AI automatically

Per-file AI takeoff button

Every PDF and image in the Drawing sheets in the project card has an AI takeoff button — press it and the system copies the instruction text with that file's name, opens the AI chat in a new tab and waits for results, just like the button in step 3 of the card (see The take-off-with-your-AI button) · If you have not created a link yet, the system tells you to create one in step 1 first · With several files (e.g. structural and architectural drawings in separate files), press each file in turn, then import with Add as new work (see The system asks before importing)

Status of each file — the button and the tag under the file name change as the work progresses

• The imported tag is saved with the project, tied to the file name — PDF drawings stay attached only for the current session; open the project another day, attach the file with the same name and the tag comes back · If you press Back after importing, the tag is rolled back too

Take off every category in one pass

The instruction text from the AI quantity takeoff button tells the AI to take off every kind of work in the drawings and send it back in one go — a single drawing set containing a building, roads and box culverts can be reviewed and imported in one pass for all categories, with no need to take off separate files

1. The AI reads the guide

   boq_takeoff_guide gives the dimension definitions for every table, the allowed options (element types, steel sections, A/C sizes, road surface types, canal types) and the procedure

2. Always fill in the tables first

   For work with a supporting table, the AI fills in the table and the app then computes the concrete, formwork, steel, excavation/fill, finishes and labor by itself — more complete than entering lump-sum quantities

3. Work without a table goes in by code

   The AI looks up codes with list_boq_codes and sends code + quantity + source, e.g. FIR-001 · 4 units · fire extinguishers at 4 points, page 3 · Steel sections not in the TIS 1227 list are sent as STR-023 (kg) and STR-026 painting (m²) · They can be sent one section at a time; the system keeps each line as a sub-item of STR-023 in the BOQ (see Sub-items)

4. The system prevents double counting

   Codes already computed by tables in the same submission (e.g. a structural table is sent and STR-005 concrete is also added) are removed automatically · Codes not in the price database or with zero quantity are not sent · The AI reports the removed items in the chat

The review page is split into sections by table — items by code show the code, item name, quantity, unit and source · Untick rows you don't need, just as in the other tables

Review and import

1. Review

   Split by table; each row shows the page the value was read from, the value obtained and its source, with a confidence tag · Untick rows you don't need, or click the group-header box to select/deselect the whole group · The orange AI notes box lists anything incomplete or unreadable in the drawings

2. Press Import N rows into the take-off tables

   The system takes you to the page of the first category imported (Building → that tab · Roadway · Bridge · Irrigation · or BOQ by system if there are only items by code) and reports the row counts by category, e.g. Imported 10 rows from AI — Building 6 · Roadway 1 · Bridge/box culvert 1 · Irrigation 1 · items by code 1 · The quantities and prices in the header bar update immediately — check the tables once more; you can edit values just like rows you entered yourself · The project name, area and number of storeys from the drawings are filled in only where those fields are still empty

If the project already has work, the system always asks before importing — when you press Import N rows into the take-off tables, if a table that will receive new rows already contains rows, a This project already has work window appears, showing the number of existing items and incoming rows for each table · If the tables are still empty, the import goes ahead without asking (the bottom of the review page tells you in advance whether it will ask)

BOQ items by code count existing work as the number of codes with manually added quantities in BOQ by system · Replace existing work clears the manually added quantities of every code and inserts the new set · Replace only previous AI rows deducts only the quantities the AI added previously and keeps what you typed yourself · Quantities measured from PDF drawings are never touched

If there is rebar from the AI, a Use AI bar list instead of auto rebar checkbox appears, stating how many structural elements in the whole project it covers (including rows you already entered yourself) · The system ticks it when coverage is 80% or more — below that, switching away from automatic calculation would make the rebar of the remaining elements disappear (see How rebar is computed)

Quantity take-off from SketchUp / Revit models (plugin)

The Chang Pile BOQ & CPM plugin (version 2.0) reads the type and size of the elements in the model (floor · work category · width × depth × length · area · volume) and the BOQ items assigned to elements in the model, then sends them to BOQ Studio — through the same review page as the AI, then into the take-off tables, with prices following immediately from the price database · It is the same plugin as for CPM Studio (4D scheduling); see CPM Studio manual

Buttons on the SketchUp toolbar and on Revit's Chang Pile tab — each icon shows what its button does:

Icon	Button	What it does
	Send model for BOQ take-off	Sends the element types/sizes and the assigned BOQ items to BOQ Studio
	Assign BOQ item	Select elements, then assign a BOQ table (truss · roof · PEB, etc.) to them
	BOQ item summary	See how many elements each table has · click to select those elements in the model
	Send model for scheduling	Sends the elements to CPM Studio for automatic scheduling
	4D schedule	Pulls the schedule from CPM Studio to color the model (Revit opens the 4D player)
	Show status on date (SketchUp)	Colors elements by work status on the chosen date
	Play 4D / Stop (SketchUp)	Plays the construction sequence week by week (red button = stop)
	Reset colors	Clears the applied colors and shows hidden elements
	Settings	Private MCP link · turn automatic assignment to BOQ tables on/off
	About	Plugin version and manual link

Assigning BOQ items to model elements (plugin version 2.0)

Select elements → Assign BOQ item (Revit: Chang Pile tab → BOQ Studio · SketchUp: toolbar or right-click) → choose the table → set every field just as on the take-off page (configuration, steel sizes, connections, roofing material, insulation, gutters, etc. — options that depend on other fields update accordingly) → Assign to selected elements · The data is stored in the model file (.rvt / .skp) and can be re-sent any time · The Model summary tab shows how many elements each table has; click to select those elements in the model

Size fields have Measure from model ticked — select several elements and each is measured individually · Untick it to type values yourself · All BOQ items in the plugin are generated from the same engine as the web pages (plugins/catalog/boq-catalog.json), so they always match the options in the tables · Values not among the current options are reset to the table's default on the review page

• Give types meaningful names — the code-selection rules read the type name (Revit: Family · Type) or the Tag/element name (SketchUp), e.g. Lightweight block wall 10 cm · Door uPVC 0.70x2.00 · T-bar ceiling 60x60
• SketchUp — organize elements into groups/components and set Tags by category and floor (e.g. L2-Column) · dimensions are read from each element's bounding box along its own axes · include the word exterior (Thai: phainok) in the names of exterior walls/windows · a name or material containing lek (Thai for steel)/steel = steel framing
• Try it first — Try the sample model (3-storey building) on card B · after importing you can press Back, just as with AI results

9BOQ by system and work categories

The BOQ by system menu is the full bill of quantities, split into tabs by work group · Quantities in the grey-background columns come from the take-off pages and cannot be edited here, but the unit price can be edited on every row and you can add quantities yourself or delete what you added — see Add, delete and hide empty items

Add, delete and hide empty items

The BOQ by system page (By system view) shows only items that actually have a quantity, so it is easy to read and prints only the items that are actually priced

BOQ by system Excel — amounts as formulas

The Export Excel button at the top of the BOQ by system page gives a file Project name - BOQ by system.xlsx with 3 sheets + the Quantity source backup sheet (projects with floors defined also get BOQ by floor and Floor × work category summary) · The sheet matching the open view (By system / By WBS category / By floor) comes first · It can be pressed in every mode, including the sample mode

Quantity source backup sheet — show the client the source and formula of every item

Both the Export Excel file (BOQ by system) and the Excel — PR. forms file attach the Quantity source backup sheet at the end of the workbook The client or a checker can see at once which take-off table rows each line's quantity comes from, and how it was calculated

• The BOQ sheet references its quantities from this sheet — edit the numbers in a formula on the Backup sheet and the quantities in the BOQ, the prices and the price summary recalculate throughout the workbook
• The sheet header lists the constants used in the formulas — waste allowance: concrete 5%, steel 7%, brick 5%, tile 5%, paint 3% · default excavation working margin 0.30 m · lean concrete / sand bedding 0.05 m · tie wire 15 kg/t · stairs × 1.5 · automatic steel ratio
• The formulas are written following the program's formulas for every table (footings, columns, beams, slabs, walls, stairs, piles, precast, steel, rooms, masonry walls, metal sheet, ceilings, doors and windows, building systems, built-ins, roads, bridges, canals, irrigation structures) and have been checked so that every formula gives the same value as the BOQ quantity for every item · Typical-floor rows repeated over several floors are written as (formula)*number of floors

Sub-items — expand to see where each line comes from

A BOQ line is the total for that code from all sources, e.g. STR-023 Structural steel = every row in the structural steel tab + lump-entry values + AI take-off results + manually added quantities Lines summed from two or more sources have a ▸ N button before the item name (N = number of sub-items); press it to expand them one by one or press Expand all sub-items (N) in the table header to expand the whole work group

• Sub-items have their own codes following the parent code — STR-023.01, STR-023.02 … and item numbers 16.1, 16.2 … under line 16
• Each item shows its name/section/size, quantity, unit, material cost, labour cost and total, with a label showing its source
• The unit price starts equal to the parent line — edit the price on the parent line and the sub-items follow · or you can enter your own price for each sub-item — see Entering sub-item prices
• The sub-items add up to the parent line to the last satang — amounts are rounded by the largest-remainder method so they total exactly · Expanding does not change the direct cost, Factor F or the median price
• Sub-items are a display only; edit the quantity at the source (the take-off tab, the drawings page or a manually added item) and the sub-items update on their own

Headings and prices by the selected material/grade (concrete · formwork · lean concrete)

The Material / grade column in the structure tab of the Building page sets both the price and the name of the BOQ line so they match

• Heading — choose a single grade, e.g. Ready-mixed concrete fc′ 210 ksc, and the STR-005 heading becomes Ready-mixed concrete fc′ 210 ksc (TIS 213-2552) incl. placing and vibrating · several grades become Structural concrete, 2 types — fc′ 280 ksc (1 member) · fc′ 210 ksc (1 member) · You can type your own concrete name and that name becomes the heading (the price of the original code is used)
• The small line under the heading shows where the unit price comes from — Price by the material selected on the take-off page · Price from the price database · or Unit price entered manually with the name of the code in the price database (e.g. STR-005 Structural concrete fc′ 240 ksc), so you know which code it is and do not confuse it with the selected grade
• Sub-items show the grade of each member and use that grade's price — the parent line is the volume-weighted price, and the total stays the same
• If you edit a line's unit price in the BOQ yourself so it no longer matches the material price, the label ⚠ Price differs from selected material · use material price appears; press it, confirm, and it goes back to the material price (undo with Ctrl+Z)
• Change the grade in the structure tab → the heading, sub-items, price and documents (CSV · printouts · PR. forms · Excel) change immediately

Entering sub-item prices

The Material/unit and Labour/unit cells of a sub-item can be edited, e.g. when structural steel H costs a different price per kg than angle L

• On the first entry the line switches to sub-item pricing — sub-items not yet entered (including items added later) use the parent line's original price; manually entered cells are orange
• The parent line shows the quantity-weighted average price in an orange dashed box that cannot be edited there — the line amount = Σ quantity × price of each sub-item, which then flows into the direct cost, Factor F and median price as usual
• The Sub-item prices · use one price button on the parent line — asks for confirmation, then clears the sub-item prices and goes back to a single price (the price before sub-item entry began) · Undo with Ctrl+Z
• Sub-item prices are tied to the source + text of the sub-item, not its sequence number — adding/deleting source rows does not swap prices · If you edit the text of a source row, that row's price goes back to the line's original price
• CSV: export, edit the prices of rows with level = sub and import back — the system matches by parent code + source + item and imports only rows whose price changed (a pop-up shows the count)
• Printouts, CSV, Excel and PR. forms use the price of each sub-item

Filtering sub-items

Lines with 6 or more sub-items (e.g. STR-023 structural steel with dozens of sections) show a filter bar at the top of the sub-items when expanded with ▸

• Search box — you can type several words, and all of them must match · Spaces are optional: typing H300 finds H 300x300x10x15 · Searches the name, sub-code and source
• Quick-filter chips are built from the line's actual data — Source (AI · structural steel · added manually …) · Section (H · C · L · □ …) · Used as (steel beam · bracing …), with the number of items · Several chips in the same group = show any one of them · Different groups = must match every group · Groups with only one value are not shown
• Totals of the filtered items are shown at the end of the bar — Showing 9 / 30 items · 20,335.50 kg · 1,016,775.00 THB · Press Clear filters to show everything
• Filtering applies on screen only and is not saved to the project — the parent-line total, printouts, CSV and PR. forms still contain all sub-items

Piles — headings and price codes by the type actually used

Each pile row in the structure tab is priced with that row's code · The price database has 80 pile codes — the four original codes and the size-specific codes STR-101–176, one code per type/size in the pile catalogue

Choose the pile type and size in the Material / grade column of the pile row — the drop-down is grouped by type (I-section · square · hexagonal · Spun · dry bored · wet bored · micropile · steel · sheet pile · barrette · special bored/ground improvement · timber) and you can type to search, e.g. wet Ø0.80 or I-30 · The selected name appears in the BOQ heading and sub-items after the row's remarks · Once a type is chosen, the row immediately uses that type's size-specific code (e.g. wet bored Ø1.20 → STR-140); price per pile = price per metre × length in dimension 3 · Original-set items whose name includes a length (e.g. I-22, 21 m long) stay in STR-017 and keep their price per pile as before · You can type your own name; the row then uses the original code

• The heading of a pile line shows the type from the take-off rows (remarks + length/pile), e.g. BP1 bored pile Ø0.50 m Safe Load 56 t/pile, 21 m long · The small line underneath shows which code the unit price comes from · Several types in one code become Piles, 2 types — …
• The ⚠ Use code … button appears when the pile type does not match the price code (e.g. a bored pile in the driven I-22 pile code) — rows whose type was chosen from the catalogue get that type's size-specific code suggested · For rows with only remarks, the system guesses the code from the name (bored + dry, or Ø below 0.50 m → STR-019 · bored + wet · barrette, or Ø 0.50 m and up → STR-020 · I-30 and larger → STR-018 · driven piles, Spun, micropiles, steel piles, timber piles → STR-017 · ground improvement (DCM, jet grout) gets no code-move suggestion) Pressing it opens a pop-up showing the rows to be moved, the quantity in the new unit and the direct cost before → after, before you confirm
• Choose the code yourself per type — expand the pile line with ▸ and choose a code in the Price code box at the end of each type's sub-item (all 80 codes are available; type to search, e.g. STR-14 or barrette)
• Existing projects do not change on their own — rows that never had a code chosen are priced as STR-017 as before until you confirm the move · Newly imported AI take-off results get the suggested code straight away
• After changing the code, the amount changes according to the new code's unit price — check that code's unit price again (e.g. STR-020 in the price database is priced for Ø0.60 m) · Undo with Ctrl+Z
• Prices by the original-set pile type (Material / grade column) apply only to rows in code STR-017; rows in other codes use that code's price — the Selected materials and market prices table shows prices and total lengths by the row's code
• Pile head cutting (STR-022) and pile testing (STR-021) still count every pile of every code

Work categories (WBS)

The By WBS tab in the building menu maps price-database codes to main and sub-categories, so that PR.1 summarizes the totals by the work structure the agency requires

The standard structure has 3 levels across all four work groups, following the company's BOQ work-category file (Rev.0 · 23 Oct 2569) — level 1 main category · level 2 sub-category · level 3 item (price-database code), 50 main categories and 221 sub-categories in total

• The work-group buttons above the category list (All · Building · Road · Bridge · Irrigation) filter the view to one group — the default is the group(s) the project has items in · Sub-categories that apply only to certain buildings/projects carry a label, e.g. Basement/high-rise · Hover over a category name to see the reference standard and MasterFormat number
• 756 new item codes from the file (e.g. STR-201… ARC-101… DEM-001… ROD-101…) are already in the price database but have no price yet (default price 0) — on the price-database page choose the New codes · no price yet button to enter prices, then add quantities with + Add item on this tab or in BOQ by system · The new building categories demolition · lifts · gas · special systems · furniture and equipment · provisional sums and contingency are new work groups in BOQ by system and have no take-off tables yet
• Projects saved with the first-generation structure (categories A–K) switch to the new structure on their own when opened, if they still use the unedited standard set — items whose category you chose yourself move to the closest sub-category · If you had edited the first-generation structure, it is kept as it was; press Restore standard when you want the new structure
• The system maps items automatically first; rows still on the automatic value carry the label auto
• As soon as you choose a category yourself, the auto label disappears and that value is remembered with the project
• Press Restore standard work-category structure (the system asks for confirmation first) to clear all mappings back to automatic

On the BOQ by system page you can switch between two views — By system (ordered by the price-database groups) and By WBS category (ordered by the mapping)

Price summary by work category — Factor F · VAT · overhead · profit · contingency

Under the By WBS category table is the Price summary by work category card, which works from the direct cost of each main category through to the final price · The card's bottom bar equals the header-bar total to the last satang (label ✓ Matches header)

Adjust the rates with the button at the top right of the card — Government takes you to the Factor F page · Private takes you to the Project settings page (contingency, overhead, profit, VAT)

In the printed report — press Preview & print A4/A3 while the By WBS category view is open and the same price-summary table is printed after the bill of quantities, before the signature boxes (the same numbers as the on-screen card, and the table is not split across pages) · It ends with the median price row (Government) or the Total offer price row (Private), including VAT

BOQ by work category, split by floor

The By WBS category view has a View bar under the table header — Whole project (as before) or By floor (floors must first be defined in Building take-off → By floor · if they are not defined, a button takes you there) · Split by floor, the bill is ordered as floor → main category → sub-category → item, with item numbers starting with the floor code, e.g. L2-STR.06.001 · common items are CM-… · items with no floor set are NA-…

• The orange bar is the floor header — floor total, share of the project, area and THB/m² · Click a floor header or main category to expand/collapse that floor's items · Buttons Expand all floors / Collapse all floors
• Floor quantities come from the same floor split as the By floor page · The unit price equals the BOQ line · All floors + common = the direct cost to the last satang · Items rounded at whole-project level show ≈ before the quantity
• Preview & print A4/A3 while the by-floor view is open gives the report Bill of quantities and prices by work category, split by floor — orange floor header → main category → sub-category → item → the floor's sub-items (the source take-off rows for that floor, e.g. column C2 · beam B1 on floor 5) → floor total · At the end is the Direct cost summary by floor table (area, material, labour, total, THB/m², share) · The Sub-items: shown / hidden button works as in the other reports
• Export Excel while the by-floor view is open puts two sheets first — BOQ by floor (same layout as the printout, with the floor's sub-items, level column = main/sub · sub-items are supporting rows not counted twice in the totals · the unit price references the BOQ by system sheet, so editing the price in one place updates every floor) and Floor × work category summary (main category × floor, referencing the totals from the by-floor sheet + total per floor, area, THB/m², share) · All floors + common = direct cost

Send to CPM — continue the schedule in CPM Studio

The Send to CPM button (only in the By WBS category view) sends this bill as a starting schedule to CPM Studio — work categories, activities, budget, crews and estimated durations, with no retyping

Press Send and open CPM Studio and CPM Studio opens with the Receive plan from BOQ Studio window, where you choose Create as a new project or Update the existing project previously received from this BOQ (if any)

Adding and deleting items in the assign-items-to-categories panel

The Assign items to work categories panel shows every item with a quantity in the project · If there is work the take-off tables do not cover, you can add it yourself here and the quantity flows into the BOQ and price immediately · The BOQ by system page has the same set of buttons — see Add, delete and hide empty items

1. Press + Add item

   At the top right of the panel — an entry row appears under the panel header

2. Choose an item from the price base

   You can search by code or name · Under each item it shows the unit and either how much is already In project or Not in project yet

3. Enter the quantity

   The unit fills in automatically from the selected item · It must be greater than 0

4. Choose a sub-category

   or leave it as Auto by code · You can change it later in the row's drop-down like any other item

5. Press Add

   The row gets a green label Added manually +quantity to show it contains a manually entered part

Quantities and budget by floor / zone

The By floor tab on the Building take-off page ties three things together — floor / zone × work category (WBS) × take-off row · Each row in a table specifies its own floor, and the row's price code goes to a sub-category according to the By WBS tab, so you get the budget and quantities split per floor for budget control and floor-by-floor quantity checks · The totals of all floors always add up to the BOQ

1. Create floors

   Press Create floors from project — you get FDN foundation/basement works · L1…Ln according to the number of storeys on the project settings page · RF roof · EX external works · Default area per floor = building area ÷ number of storeys · You can edit the code, name, floor number and area, add, delete and reorder floors (after you change a code, rows referencing the old code follow automatically)

2. Assign floors to rows

   Every building take-off table gets the columns Floor / zone and To floor (typical) next to the name column · Press Auto-assign floors to rows to let the system guess from the row name (floor 2 · 2F · roof · footing · pile · ground beam · external) and from room names that match the room table · The room and ceiling tables can use the rows' existing floor numbers directly · A new row goes on the same floor as the last row in the table

3. Check and control the budget

   The Floors / zones and key quantities per floor table (concrete, rebar, formwork, cost, THB/m²) · The Budget — floor × work category table (THB or % of floor · sub-categories can be expanded) · Click a floor to see that floor's BOQ items by sub-category together with the source take-off rows — click a row to jump to it in the table and edit it · Export CSV by floor gives a floor × work category × item file

10Price database and government prices

The Price database menu holds the material and labour unit prices for all 1,616 items. Edit them here and every BOQ updates immediately · The default prices are Bangkok/metropolitan-area market prices, excluding VAT

• The N items edited chip shows how many prices you have changed from the defaults
• Press Reset prices to clear all edits back to the original values — a pop-up shows how many codes will be cleared, and your work is backed up first
• The search box accepts codes, item names and work-category names · The table shows 160 rows at a time; if there are more, search or choose a category
• The New codes · no price yet (756) button gathers the new codes from the 3-level work-category structure, for which the company file defines the name, unit and sub-category but which have no price yet (material 0 · labour 0); each row carries the label No price yet — enter the price before adding quantities, otherwise the item will have a quantity but an amount of 0 THB
• The Custom items (N) button shows the items typed in yourself in this project (OWN-001 …); you can enter their prices like any other code — see section 5
• The estimate label = the default price is set from market price ranges and does not yet reference a government price list (built-in work · size-specific piles)

Bolts and fixings category (FAS-001–444)

This category has 444 codes, built from two product catalogues — NPI Technology and Supply (FAS-001–308) and Nguan Hong Panich (FAS-309–444, only items not already in the first catalogue) Bolts are priced as sets (bolt + nut + washer as stated in the name) at one standard length per size

Drag to resize columns in the pricing tables (Excel-style)

Tables in the Pricing menu group — BOQ by system · Factor F · Summary — PR. forms · Price database · Composite materials · Road and bridge unit costs (21 tables) let you widen/narrow columns as in Excel to see truncated text (…)

• Point at the edge of a column header and the cursor becomes a left-right arrow with an orange guide line · Drag = widen/narrow (the header and all rows resize together, with a width readout while you drag)
• Double-click the edge = fit the width to the longest text in that column on a single line (up to 640 px)
• Point at truncated text = see the full text immediately, without widening the column
• Tables wider than the screen scroll left and right · Widths are remembered on the device for each table separately (they stay when you change category or reopen the program)
• The ↺ Reset column widths button appears at the right corner of the header of a table you have resized, when you point at the header

The take-off tables on the building page can be resized by dragging the column-header edges in the same way, and have a Reset column widths button on the table header · The labour price list and work item list pages already wrap their text onto new lines, so they have no columns to drag

Fetching the latest prices from government agencies

Press Fetch latest prices and the system compares the published price with the price in use item by item, showing the % difference — red means more expensive, green means cheaper · Choose item by item which ones to accept, then confirm

Importing provincial commerce prices yourself

The Import provincial commerce prices button accepts prices copied directly from the announcement

1. Choose the province and the price announcement period

   Up to 14 months back

2. Enter the data

   Press Fetch automatically or copy a table from the web/Excel and paste it, one line per item · You can also upload a CSV file

3. Check the matching results

   The system matches material names to price-database codes automatically, e.g. "Ready-mixed concrete 240" is matched to STR-005 · Items that cannot be matched are skipped and reported to you

4. Confirm the import

   Select only the items you want, then confirm

11Composite material cost per unit

Some construction items cannot be priced per unit straight from the take-off; they have to be built up from a mix of several materials combined. For example, one cubic meter of site-mixed concrete requires knowing how many kilograms of cement, how many cubic meters of sand and stone, and how many liters of water it uses · The reference-price rules call this method composite material cost per unit and already provide the mix tables for it.

The Composite materials menu brings in that entire set of tables — 11 work groups, 367 items, 1,558 material rows — and multiplies them straight away by the unit prices this project actually uses.

The current set is taken from Section 7, Calculation of composite material cost per unit in building construction, pages 106–174 of the Rules for Calculating Reference Prices of Building Construction, B.E. 2569.

How the 2569 edition differs from the old one

Previously the program used the tables from the October 2560 edition (15 groups, 360 items). The 2569 edition regroups everything, so every section number has changed.

How to use it

1. Choose a work group

   The row of chips at the top holds the 11 groups of the handbook · or type in the search box to search across all groups, by section number or item name

2. Choose an item from the list on the left

   Under each item name you see the composite material cost already calculated and the price-database code it is linked to · Items that still have unpriced materials show a dash instead of a figure, with a Missing price N tag

3. Check the mix table on the right

   Each row is one material, with the handbook quantity, unit price and amount · The bottom line is the Total material cost per 1 unit

4. Every row's unit price can be edited

   Just type over the Price/unit field; the system remembers it for this project · Press Clear prices entered manually in the header to go back to the prices from the price database

Where each material's unit price comes from

The system looks in this order, and under each material's name it tells you which source the price in use came from.

Because it looks things up this way, editing a price on the price-database page moves this page immediately; there is no hidden second price set that you have to chase and fix in two places. For example, coarse sand reads from STR-003 · RB6 and RB9 rebar read from STR-009 and STR-010 · tie wire reads from STR-016.

Quantities can be edited only in rows the handbook leaves blank

The quantity figures in groups 1–12 are fixed by the rules, so they are locked against editing — if they could be edited, the result would no longer be a “value calculated according to the rules”.

Groups 13–15, on the other hand, are fill-in forms in the handbook that leave the quantity fields for the estimator to complete from the drawings of that job, such as counter length, number of hinges, or the depth to excavate for laying pipe · These fields accept input, and the system remembers them for this project.

Compare with the price database, then use the lower value

The bottom card places two values side by side — the material cost per unit the price database currently uses and the value calculated by the composite material method — and tells you which is lower and by how much.

If you decide to use the calculated value, press Use this value for <code> and the system puts the material cost into that code in the price database, and the whole project BOQ updates immediately · Press Restore this code's original price to undo.

• The button appears only for items that are actually linked to a price-database code — 38 items are linked, only pairs that are definitely the same item with matching units, e.g. item 1.1 lean concrete 1:3:5 ↔ STR-004 · item 8.1 half-brick clay brick wall ↔ ARC-001 · item 12.2 interior painting ↔ ARC-039
• Items with no linked code still calculate and print normally; you just have to copy the figure and enter it yourself on the Price database page — pairs whose scope does not match are deliberately not linked, such as a bare RC counter versus a counter already finished with tiles, because a careless link would let the value flow into PR.1 without anyone noticing
• For items whose prices are not yet complete, the button does not appear, because the total is not yet a real total
• For groups 13–15, where the handbook also gives labour costs, the system splits the material cost and labour cost onto separate lines and writes them into separate fields in the price database

Sister page for road, bridge and box culvert work

The Unit work cost — road & bridge menu is the same kind of table, but taken from Section 4, Assessment of direct unit work cost, of the Rules for Calculating Reference Prices of Road, Bridge and Box Culvert Construction 2569 — 129 items, 903 material rows

Bill of building construction items — Section 2 of the building book

The Building work item list menu opens the bill of construction items for building construction under the Rules for Calculating Reference Prices of Building Construction 2569, Part 2, Section 2 — 3 parts · 3 work groups · 9 categories · 203 items · 910 sub-items

Part 1 of the building book rules — Sections 1-6, the framework of the whole book

The Rules Part 1 (Sections 1-6) tab on the Building work item list page opens Part 1 of the building book, which is the framework for the whole book — 5 key components · 6 required documents · 7 report forms · 11 calculation steps · It is the counterpart of Part 1 of the road, bridge and box culvert book; the two books share the same structure, but the forms and steps differ according to the type of work

Measurement standards, work quantities and allowances — Sections 3-4 of the building book

The Measurement standards and allowances (Sections 3-4) tab on the Building work item list page opens two paired sections of the building book — Section 3 is the rules for measuring and presenting figures, 13 clauses · 5 measurement principles, and Section 4 is how to measure and how much to allow for each work item — 5 categories · 240 clauses · a 32-line electrical systems allowance table · rebar allowances for 16 sizes · earthwork allowances for 8 items · pages 62-100 of the book
The two sections share one tab because Section 4 opens by citing Section 3 directly ("measurement of work quantities shall follow the standard for measuring and calculating work quantities in building construction")

Labour/operating rate schedule — Section 6

The Labour rates menu opens the labour/operating rate schedule for take-off and reference-price calculation of construction work, under Comptroller General's Department letter No. Kor Kor 0433.2/W 809 dated 14 November 2568 (the same set scanned and attached in Section 6 of the road and bridge book), which cancels the previous schedule under letter W 851 dated 28 December 2564 — the complete schedule, 44 pages · 5 work categories · 104 work groups · 1,266 items · 1,471 labour lines · The number 1266 at the end of the Labour rates menu is the number of items in the whole schedule; see Numbers after menu items

Calculation sheets (blank forms) — the rest of Section 4

Section 4 divides its items into two kinds · The first is the 129 items for which the handbook fixes material quantities, found in the Unit work cost items view · The second the book prints as step-by-step fill-in forms rather than material tables, found in the Calculation sheets (blank forms) view — 178 sheets, 2,404 steps

Machinery cost table — Section 8

On the Unit work cost — road & bridge page there are view-switching chips at the very top; press Machinery cost table to switch to Section 8, Table of machinery operating cost and depreciation of the same book — 20 work groups, 58 work types, from clearing and grubbing, earthwork and selected material work through to surfacing and surface repair

The values in this table are what the Section 4 blank forms call on, for example the line operating cost + depreciation (selected material work, laterite subbase : excavate - haul). Open this view, find the row with the same name, and you have the figure to fill in right away

Material haulage table — Section 7

The third chip on the Unit work cost — road & bridge page is Material haulage table, taken from Section 7, Construction material haulage cost table of the same book — 3 truck types × 12 fuel price ranges × distances of 1–200 km, a total of 14,400 figures, the largest dataset in the program

Rules Part 1 — Sections 1-6, the framework of the whole book

The Rules Part 1 chip on the Unit work cost — road & bridge page opens Part 1 of the book, which is the framework for the whole book — 5 key components · 6 required documents · definitions of the 16 fields of the summary form · calculation methods of 9 and 11 steps

Bill of construction items — Sections 1-3 and 5

The Bill of construction items chip on the Unit work cost — road & bridge page opens the standard bill of construction items of the road, bridge and box culvert book — 337 lines · 7 work groups · 266 items with a unit of measurement

Material quantity tables, SLAB TYPE bridges and box culverts — Sections 9-11

The Material quantity tables chip on the Unit work cost — road & bridge page opens the material quantity tables the book gives as fixed values by size, referencing the STANDARD DRAWINGS FOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION, 1994 — 30 bridge types, 870 rows · 48 box culvert sizes, 624 rows · 20 pile lengths · curbs and bridge railings, 23 rows

This page is a lookup table, not a calculation page, because the book already gives the quantities: choose a size and read off the values, with no formulas to work out · So every selector is a button, not a text field, because the book has only the sizes it prints; if you could type freely, users would enter sizes the book does not have and the program would have to guess

Printing calculation sheets for attachments

Press Preview & print A4/A3 at the top right of the page to get a calculation sheet for the currently selected item on one page — every material row with quantity, unit price and amount, ending with the total per unit

If that item is linked to a price-database code, a Compared with the price database in use block is appended as well, placing the two values side by side with the verdict under Section 4 on which value to use — so the source of the unit price is all on one sheet, ideal as a supporting document for PR.1, letting the reviewer see which mix components the figure comes from

The page header uses the same project name, logo and estimator details as the other documents (you can set your company's logo; see Page header and logo). At the bottom of the sheet are three signature boxes — estimator, reviewer, and chair of the median price committee

The road, bridge and box culvert page prints all three views

The Unit work cost — road & bridge page has the same button at the top right and prints the sheet for the view currently open, so you get a different kind of sheet depending on the chip selected

12Steel Section Tables · Timber Tables · Aluminium Tables · Stainless Tables

The Steel tables menu is a catalogue of steel section properties — 602 sections in 16 types to TIS and JIS standards. It works two ways: look up values while checking drawings or reviewing a design, and calculate weights to send into the take-off table without opening a separate manufacturer's table.

Section drawings — section · elevation · plan

Select any section in the table (all 16 types) and the program draws it instantly from the table dimensions, following the drafting principles of ISO 128 / ISO 129.

• Section A–A — shape drawn to true proportion, including the root radius at the flange (r) · 45° steel hatching · x–x and y–y centrelines (long-short dash) through the centroid (channels/angles show the Cy distance) · dimension lines with arrowheads · small thicknesses (t1 t2 t r) use leader lines
• Elevation — a continuous long member with break lines at the ends · cutting plane A–A with viewing-direction arrows · flange edges as solid lines, inner walls of pipes as dashed lines · deformed bars show their ribs
• Plan — same scale as the elevation · the hidden web/inner walls shown dashed · round/solid bars look the same in plan as in elevation, so only one view is shown
• Type-specific — plate/checkered plate: section with the raised pattern, and a plan of the standard 4×8 ft sheet · sheet pile: plan of a wall of 3 interlocking sheets (Interlock) · Cellular Beam: sections at the web post (A–A) and at the opening (B–B); the elevation shows the openings at spacing S

Castellated beam with circular openings — Cellular Beam (CB)

Thailand has no TIS standard specifically for Cellular Beams. Thai fabricators cut them from TIS 1227 H-Beams — the web is cut along two semicircular lines, shifted by half a pitch and welded back together, giving a beam 40–50% deeper at the same weight as, or lighter than, the parent beam, with greater bending stiffness and openings that services can pass through · The CB tab has 86 sections from 43 narrow- to medium-flange parent beams (H 198 to H 900), 2 variants each.

• Code CB depth x flange width x Ø, e.g. CB 450x150x300 = depth 450 mm, flange 150 mm, opening Ø300 mm, cut from H 300x150x6.5x9 — proportions follow the SCI P355 / ArcelorMittal ACB guidance (Ø/H 0.6–0.8 · S/Ø 1.25–1.75), dimensions rounded to 5 mm.
• Columns — opening Ø · spacing S · web post · tee depth T at the opening · weight (openings deducted) · average/gross/net-at-opening area · gross Ix, and Ix / Zx at the opening (used to check bending at the weakest section) · Iy · paint area (openings deducted, opening edges added)
• Select a row to see the elevation and sections (at the web post · at the opening) with dimensions, and press Add to the steel take-off table just as for any other section — CB codes are already in the section dropdown of the structural steel take-off table.
• Calculated from the geometry — flanges + web + root radii of the parent beam; the same method reproduces the parent beam's Ix to within 2.5% of the TIS table for every size used · checked with node scripts/check-steel.js (weight must not exceed the parent beam · proportions within range · tee deep enough)

How to use

1. Choose a type from the chip row

   or type in the search box to search across all types at once — you can search by code, size or type name; e.g. typing 200x100 returns the H, I and hollow sections of that size.

2. Click a section in the table

   The selected row gets an orange bar on its left, and the weight calculator card above updates to match.

3. Enter the number of pieces and the length per piece

   The system instantly calculates the total length, total weight and anti-rust paint area.

4. Press Add to the steel take-off table

   The selected section, with its quantity and length, is sent into the take-off table under Building → the Structural steel tab, and then flows into the BOQ as usual; see section 5.

Structural steel in this project

If the open project has items in the Structural steel tab of the building works, this page shows a Structural steel in this project card above the section-type chip row. Each item shows the section, item name, quantity × length, total length and weight · Click an item to open that section in the table straight away, to view its properties or calculate more · Click the bin button at the top right of an item to delete it; see Deleting structural steel from the project.

Deleting structural steel from the project

1. Click the bin button

   It sits at the top right of each item in the Structural steel in this project card — normally pale grey, turning red on hover.

2. Check the item in the pop-up

   The pop-up Delete this structural steel item? shows the section, member name, number of pieces × length, total length and weight · if the same section appears in several rows, it states that only the one row you clicked will be deleted.

3. Press Delete item

   The row is removed from the structural steel tab of the building works · weight, painting cost, the structural steel cut list and the BOQ prices are recalculated immediately · to keep it, press Cancel.

Structural steel cut list (Steel Cut List)

Below the Structural steel in this project card is the Structural steel cut list card — it gathers the pieces from every structural steel row in the project by section, then plans the cutting from full stock lengths so that you order as little as possible and leave the least waste, using the same cutting optimizer as the rebar cut list (section 5).

1. Set the full stock lengths

   There are two boxes, one per steel family; you can enter several values separated by commas, e.g. 6, 12 · enter what your supplier sells, and the system picks the length that leaves the least waste for each cutting pattern.

2. Set the kerf and the offcuts to keep

   Kerf per cut to suit the cutting machine (band saw/cut-off wheel 2–3 mm) · Keep offcuts from — offcuts shorter than this count as scrap.

3. Read the summary figures and the per-section table

   Full lengths to order · ordered weight versus weight actually used · % scrap · savings compared with unplanned cutting · each section shows the pieces required (quantity × length), how many bars of which length to order, and the welded joints.

4. Click a section row to see the cutting patterns

   Each pattern shows how many bars to cut, the cut positions, the remaining offcut and labels showing which row each piece belongs to (S1 S2 … in row order of the structural steel table), with a bar of cut positions drawn to true proportion.

5. Press Preview & print cut sheet

   You get a structural steel cut sheet for every section, with cut-position bars, for the site crew · the print button at the top of the page still prints the section table as before.

Values in the table

Steel plate and checkered plate

These two types are sold by the sheet, not by the metre, so the card switches to a table of weight per sheet for standard sizes — steel plate in feet (3x6 to 6x40 ft), checkered plate in millimetres (914x1829 to 1524x6096 mm).

Because they are area-based products, they are not added to the dropdown of the length-based take-off table · round bars and deformed bars are not added either, because they already have their own Rebar schedule tab.

The section dropdown on the Building page grows too

Every length-based section has been added to the Section (TIS 1227) box of the structural steel tab, so the list grows from 34 to 451 sections · a dropdown this long gets a search box automatically — type H 400 or angle and pick.

Printing the section table for reference

Press Preview & print A4/A3 at the top right to get the section property table of the type currently open, with every column as shown on screen — size, thickness, weight per metre, section area, moment of inertia, radius of gyration, section modulus and paint area.

The end of the table also summarises the weight calculation from the card above, e.g. H 100x100x6x8 · 1 piece × 6.00 m = 6.00 m · total weight 103 kg if you entered the number of pieces and length before printing.

All 602 sections are checked with physics formulas

The values in the section table are not independent of one another; they are linked by formulas. If any cell has a typo, it immediately contradicts the other cells in the same row, so the program checks every section with these formulas.

Timber tables — timber sizes, species and plywood to Thai standards

The Timber tables menu (next to Steel tables) works the same way as the steel tables — choose a category, choose a species, click a size row to see the section drawing and values, then send it into the take-off table · The timber sizes are the same set as the dropdown in the timber works tab, so there is no size you can pick in one place but cannot find in the other.

1. Choose the category and species

   The species chips change the density and stresses used to calculate the weight and allowable moment of every row · the search box searches across categories, e.g. 2×4 · OSB · Teng

2. Click a size row

   The detail card shows the section drawing (dashed = nominal size · wood = actual size), an elevation of a sample 4 m piece, and the values A · Ix · Sx · allowable M (Fb × Sx) · ft³/m · m/ft³ · kg/m · the line Used as a default in timber works tells you which member of the timber work types uses this size as its default (e.g. 2×6 in = rafters of the timber roof frame)

3. Enter the number of pieces × length

   You get the volume (ft³ / m³) and total weight instantly.

4. Press Add to timber works (single pieces)

   Adds a Single timber pieces (choose size × length) row in the Timber works tab with the species, size, length and quantity — BOQ volume = volume × (1 + waste allowance for the species), charged to that species' code.

Aluminium tables — sections, alloys, finishes, sheets and glass

The Aluminium tables menu (next to Timber tables) works the same way as the steel tables — choose a category, choose the alloy and finish, click a row to see the section drawing and values, then send it into the take-off table · Sections, finishes, sheets and glass are the same set as the dropdowns in the aluminium works tab, and the kg/m in the table equals what the BOQ actually charges (ρ 2.70 · frames/sashes including glazing pockets and fins ×1.25 · louvre blades/fins ×1.2)

1. Choose the category, alloy and finish

   The alloy chips change the allowable moment of every section (6061-T6 carries about 2 times more than 6063-T5) · the finish chips set the price code sent to the BOQ · the search box searches across categories, e.g. 1"×4" · fin · tempered

2. Click a section row

   The detail card shows the section drawing with dimensions, an elevation of a standard 6.00 m bar (coloured by the chosen finish) and the values A · Ix · Sx · allowable M · kg/m · kg/bar · perimeter surface · the line Used as a default in aluminium works tells you which member uses this section as its default (e.g. frame 1¾"×4" = sliding door frame · Storefront mullion)

3. Enter the number of pieces × length

   You get the total length, weight, the approximate number of 6 m bars to buy (excluding cutting waste) and the kg the BOQ will charge (+5% waste allowance).

4. Press Add to aluminium works (single pieces)

   Adds a Single pieces (choose section × length) row in the Aluminium works tab with the section, length, quantity and chosen finish · in the sheet category, press Add to aluminium works (sheet) to get an Aluminium sheet row of 2.44 × 1.22 m by number of sheets.

Stainless tables — tubes, bars, sheets, grades, finishes and balustrade glass

The Stainless tables menu (next to Aluminium tables) works the same way as the steel tables — choose a category, choose the grade and finish, click a row to see the section drawing and values, then send it into the take-off table · Sections, grades, finishes, sheets and glass are the same set as the dropdowns in the stainless works tab, and kg/m is calculated with the density of the chosen grade, equal to what the BOQ actually charges (304 = 7.93 · 316L = 7.98 · 201 = 7.80 · 430 = 7.70 · 2205 = 7.80 g/cm³)

1. Choose the category, grade and finish

   The grade chips change the weight per metre, the allowable moment (0.6 Fy) and the price code · the Mirror / PVD finish chips add the special surface area to the result · the search box searches across categories, e.g. Ø2" · flat bar · 316L

2. Click a section row

   The detail card shows the section drawing with dimensions, an elevation of a standard 6.00 m bar (colour and texture by finish) and the values A · Ix · Sx · allowable M · kg/m · kg/bar · perimeter surface · the line Used as a default in stainless works tells you which member uses this section as its default (e.g. round tube Ø2" = handrail of the guardrail)

3. Enter the number of pieces × length

   You get the total length, weight, the approximate number of 6 m bars (excluding cutting waste), the kg the BOQ will charge (+5% waste allowance) and the special surface area when Mirror / PVD is chosen.

4. Press Add to stainless works (single pieces)

   Adds a Single pieces (choose section × length) row in the Stainless works tab with the section, length, quantity, grade and chosen finish · in the sheet category, press Add to stainless works (sheet) to get a Stainless sheet row of 2.44 × 1.22 m by number of sheets.

Timber, aluminium and stainless cut lists, and printing

The Timber tables, Aluminium tables and Stainless tables pages have three parts, just like the steel tables page — all calculated from every row in that work tab of the building works (no re-entry needed), and recalculated immediately when you edit a row.